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Parental education and youth suicidal behaviours : a systematic review and meta-analysis
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Chen, P. J., Mackes, N., Sacchi, C., Lawrence, A. J., Ma, X., Pollard, R., Matter, M., Morgan, C., Harding, S., Schumann, G., Pariante, C., Mehta, M. A., Montana, G., Nosarti, C. and Dazzan, P. (2022) Parental education and youth suicidal behaviours : a systematic review and meta-analysis. Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences, 31 . e19. doi:10.1017/S204579602200004X ISSN 2045-7979.
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Official URL: https://doi.org/10.1017/S204579602200004X
Abstract
Lower parental education has been linked to adverse youth mental health outcomes. However, the relationship between parental education and youth suicidal behaviours remains unclear. We explored the association between parental education and youth suicidal ideation and attempts, and examined whether sociocultural contexts moderate such associations. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis with a systematic literature search in PubMed, PsycINFO, Medline and Embase from 1900 to December 2020 for studies with participants aged 0-18, and provided quantitative data on the association between parental education and youth suicidal ideation and attempts (death included). Only articles published in English in peer-reviewed journals were considered. Two authors independently assessed eligibility of the articles. One author extracted data [e.g. number of cases and non-cases in each parental education level, effect sizes in forms of odds ratios (ORs) or beta coefficients]. We then calculated pooled ORs using a random-effects model and used moderator analysis to investigate heterogeneity. We included a total of 59 articles (63 study samples, totalling 2 738 374 subjects) in the meta-analysis. Lower parental education was associated with youth suicidal attempts [OR = 1.12, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 1.04-1.21] but not with suicidal ideation (OR = 1.05, 95% CI = 0.98-1.12). Geographical region and country income level moderated the associations. Lower parental education was associated with an increased risk of youth suicidal attempts in Northern America (OR = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.10-1.45), but with a decreased risk in Eastern and South-Eastern Asia (OR = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.54-0.96). An association of lower parental education and increased risk of youth suicidal ideation was present in high- income countries (HICs) (OR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.05-1.25), and absent in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) (OR = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.77-1.08). The association between youth suicidal behaviours and parental education seems to differ across geographical and economical contexts, suggesting that cultural, psychosocial or biological factors may play a role in explaining this association. Although there was high heterogeneity in the studies reviewed, this evidence suggests that the role of familial sociodemographic characteristics in youth suicidality may not be universal. This highlights the need to consider cultural, as well as familial factors in the clinical assessment and management of youth's suicidal behaviours in our increasingly multicultural societies, as well as in developing prevention and intervention strategies for youth suicide.
| Item Type: | Journal Article | |||||||||
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| Subjects: | H Social Sciences > HV Social pathology. Social and public welfare | |||||||||
| Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Engineering > WMG (Formerly the Warwick Manufacturing Group) | |||||||||
| SWORD Depositor: | Library Publications Router | |||||||||
| Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Youth -- Suicidal behavior, Parenting -- Study and teaching, Parenting -- Psychological aspects, Suicide -- Prevention, Mental health education, Teenagers -- Suicidal behavior | |||||||||
| Journal or Publication Title: | Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences | |||||||||
| Publisher: | Cambridge University Press | |||||||||
| ISSN: | 2045-7979 | |||||||||
| Official Date: | 30 March 2022 | |||||||||
| Dates: |
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| Volume: | 31 | |||||||||
| Article Number: | e19 | |||||||||
| DOI: | 10.1017/S204579602200004X | |||||||||
| Status: | Peer Reviewed | |||||||||
| Publication Status: | Published | |||||||||
| Reuse Statement (publisher, data, author rights): | ** From PubMed via Jisc Publications Router | |||||||||
| Access rights to Published version: | Open Access (Creative Commons) | |||||||||
| Copyright Holders: | Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press | |||||||||
| Date of first compliant deposit: | 15 November 2022 | |||||||||
| Date of first compliant Open Access: | 15 November 2022 | |||||||||
| RIOXX Funder/Project Grant: |
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