Skip to content Skip to navigation
University of Warwick
  • Study
  • |
  • Research
  • |
  • Business
  • |
  • Alumni
  • |
  • News
  • |
  • About

University of Warwick
Publications service & WRAP

Highlight your research

  • WRAP
    • Home
    • Search WRAP
    • Browse by Warwick Author
    • Browse WRAP by Year
    • Browse WRAP by Subject
    • Browse WRAP by Department
    • Browse WRAP by Funder
    • Browse Theses by Department
  • Publications Service
    • Home
    • Search Publications Service
    • Browse by Warwick Author
    • Browse Publications service by Year
    • Browse Publications service by Subject
    • Browse Publications service by Department
    • Browse Publications service by Funder
  • Help & Advice
University of Warwick

The Library

  • Login
  • Admin

Current-controlled ‘plug-and-play’ electrochemical atom transfer radical polymerization of acrylamides in water

Tools
- Tools
+ Tools

Mohammed, Mahir, Jones, Bryn and Wilson, Paul (2022) Current-controlled ‘plug-and-play’ electrochemical atom transfer radical polymerization of acrylamides in water. Polymer Chemistry, 13 (23). pp. 3460-3470. doi:10.1039/D2PY00412G ISSN 1759-9954.

[img]
Preview
PDF
WRAP-current-controlled-‘plug-and-play’-electrochemical-atom-transfer-radical-polymerization-acrylamides-water-Wilson-2022.pdf - Published Version - Requires a PDF viewer.
Available under License Creative Commons Attribution.

Download (765Kb) | Preview
Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/D2PY00412G

Request Changes to record.

Abstract

Aqueous electrochemical atom transfer radical polymerisation (eATRP) can be challenging due to deleterious side reactions leading to the loss of the ω-chain end, increased rates of activation (k¬act) leading to higher [Pn˙] and increased rates of termination and lability of the X-CuII/L bond to hydrolysis leading to poor control. Here, we build on recent advances in eATRP methodology to develop a simplified current controlled eATRP of acrylamides in water. The simplification arises from the use of commercial, standardised reaction hardware which enables the polymerisations to be performed in a 2-electrode, ‘plug-n-play’, undivided electrochemical cell configuration. Further simplification is afforded by the design of a single stepwise current profile (Iapp vs time) capable of mediating current controlled eATRP of N-hydroethylacrylamide (HEAm). At room temperature, polymerisation of HEAm to target degrees of polymerisation (DPn,th¬) of 20 – 100 proceeds with good control (Ɖ ≤ 1.50). Loss of control when targeting higher DPn at room temperature is circumvented by lowering the reaction temperature (r.t. to 0 °C), increasing the stirring rate (400 rpm to 800 rpm) and increasing the catalyst concentration. Using the best conditions a linear increase in Mn,SEC with DPn (up to DPn = 320) and low dispersity values (DPn,th = 40 – 160; Ɖ = 1.26 – 1.38) are obtained. Furthermore, the current profile and reaction conditions can support the polymerisation of other primary and secondary acrylamides and the retention of the ω-Br chain end is exemplified by a short in situ chain extension. Overall, this represents further simplification of aqueous eATRP with respect to reaction set up and experimental parameters (single current profile) which has been employed synthesise polyacrylamides with good efficiency and control.

Item Type: Journal Article
Subjects: Q Science > QD Chemistry
Divisions: Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Chemistry
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): Polymers, Polymerization, Free radical reactions, Macromolecules, Electrochemistry -- Research
Journal or Publication Title: Polymer Chemistry
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
ISSN: 1759-9954
Official Date: 21 June 2022
Dates:
DateEvent
21 June 2022Published
18 May 2022Available
17 May 2022Accepted
Volume: 13
Number: 23
Page Range: pp. 3460-3470
DOI: 10.1039/D2PY00412G
Status: Peer Reviewed
Publication Status: Published
Access rights to Published version: Open Access (Creative Commons)
Date of first compliant deposit: 18 May 2022
Date of first compliant Open Access: 18 May 2022
RIOXX Funder/Project Grant:
Project/Grant IDRIOXX Funder NameFunder ID
URF\R1\180274Royal Society Tata University Research FellowsUNSPECIFIED
EP/R513374/1[EPSRC] Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Councilhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000266

Request changes or add full text files to a record

Repository staff actions (login required)

View Item View Item

Downloads

Downloads per month over past year

View more statistics

twitter

Email us: wrap@warwick.ac.uk
Contact Details
About Us