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Gaussian distribution-based inertial control of wind turbine generators for fast frequency response in low inertia systems
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Kheshti, Mostafa, Lin, Shuyue, Zhao, Xiaowei, Ding, Lei, Yin, Minghui and Terzija, Vladimir (2022) Gaussian distribution-based inertial control of wind turbine generators for fast frequency response in low inertia systems. IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, 13 (3). pp. 1641-1653. doi:10.1109/TSTE.2022.3168778 ISSN 1949-3029.
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WRAP-Gaussian-distribution-based-inertial-control-wind-turbine-generators-fast-frequency-response-low-inertia-systems-Zhao-2022.pdf - Accepted Version - Requires a PDF viewer. Download (2307Kb) | Preview |
Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TSTE.2022.3168778
Abstract
Decline of rotating inertia due to the high share of renewable sources cause challenges in controlling grid frequency. With recent grid codes, large-scale wind turbines (WTs) are required to provide frequency support. Existing stepwise inertial control methods suggest immediate incremental power injection by WTs, followed by the abrupt over-production termination to avoid over-deceleration of the rotor speed. Unfortunately, these methods are not practically desirable as they impose severe secondary-frequency-drops (SFD) or considering unrealistic constant wind speed for tens of seconds. This paper proposes a novel inertial control scheme that can improve frequency nadir without rotor speed over-deceleration. Upon detecting a power imbalance, WT increases the output power with an incremental power and declines it following a Gaussian distribution trajectory controlled by a standard deviation parameter, to ensure convergence to an equilibrium point. The proposed scheme can be practically implemented for fast frequency response. This scheme is tested on the wind-integrated IEEE 9-bus system and IEEE 39-bus system and compared with other methods reported in literature. Furthermore, experimental tests are conducted to verify the performance of the proposed scheme in practice. Blade fatigue is studied using FAST Code. Results show reliable operation during abrupt wind speed changes or cascade events.
Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||
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Subjects: | Q Science > QA Mathematics T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering |
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Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Engineering > Engineering | ||||||
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Gaussian distribution , Wind turbines , Frequency discriminators, Hardware-in-the-loop simulation | ||||||
Journal or Publication Title: | IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy | ||||||
Publisher: | IEEE | ||||||
ISSN: | 1949-3029 | ||||||
Official Date: | 19 April 2022 | ||||||
Dates: |
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Volume: | 13 | ||||||
Number: | 3 | ||||||
Page Range: | pp. 1641-1653 | ||||||
DOI: | 10.1109/TSTE.2022.3168778 | ||||||
Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||||
Publication Status: | Published | ||||||
Reuse Statement (publisher, data, author rights): | © 2022 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works. | ||||||
Access rights to Published version: | Restricted or Subscription Access | ||||||
Copyright Holders: | IEEE | ||||||
Date of first compliant deposit: | 26 May 2022 | ||||||
Date of first compliant Open Access: | 26 May 2022 | ||||||
RIOXX Funder/Project Grant: |
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