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Changes in 24‐h energy expenditure, substrate oxidation, and body composition following resistance exercise and a high protein diet via whey protein supplementation in healthy older men
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Griffen, Corbin, Renshaw, Derek, Duncan, Michael, Weickert, Martin O. and Hattersley, John (2022) Changes in 24‐h energy expenditure, substrate oxidation, and body composition following resistance exercise and a high protein diet via whey protein supplementation in healthy older men. Physiological Reports, 10 (11). e15268. doi:10.14814/phy2.15268 ISSN 2051-817X.
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Official URL: https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.15268
Abstract
Purpose: To investigate changes in 24‐h energy expenditure (EE), substrate oxidation, and body composition following resistance exercise (RE) and a high protein diet via whey protein supplementation (alone and combined) in healthy older men. Methods: In a pooled groups analysis, 33 healthy older men [(mean ± SE) age: 67 ± 1 years; BMI: 25.4 ± 0.4 kg/m2] were randomized to either RE (2×/week; n = 17) or non‐exercise (n = 16) and either a high protein diet via whey protein supplementation (PRO, 2 × 25 g whey protein isolate/d; n = 17) or control (CON, 2 × 23.75 g maltodextrin/d; n = 16). An exploratory sub‐analysis was also conducted between RE+CON (n = 8) and RE+PRO (n = 9). At baseline and 12 weeks, participants resided in respiration chambers for measurement of 24‐h EE and substrate oxidation and wore an accelerometer for 7 days for estimation of free‐living EE. Results: Resistance exercise resulted in greater increases in fat‐free mass (1.0 ± 0.3 kg), resting metabolic rate [(RMR) 36 ± 14 kcal/d], sedentary EE (60 ± 33 kcal/d), and sleeping metabolic rate [(SMR) 45 ± 7 kcal/d] compared to non‐exercise (p < 0.05); however, RE decreased activity energy expenditure in free‐living (−90 ± 25 kcal/d; p = 0.049) and non‐exercise activity inside the respiration chamber (−1.9 ± 1.1%; p = 0.049). PRO decreased fat mass [(FM) −0.5 ± 0.3 kg], increased overnight protein oxidation (30 ± 6 g/d), and decreased 24‐h protein balance (−20 ± 4 g/d) greater than CON (p < 0.05). RE+PRO decreased FM (−1.0 ± 0.5 kg) greater than RE+CON (p = 0.04). Conclusion: Resistance exercise significantly increased RMR, SMR, and sedentary EE in healthy older men, but not total EE. PRO alone and combined with RE decreased FM and aided body weight maintenance. This study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03299972.
Item Type: | Journal Article | |||||||||||||||
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Subjects: | Q Science > QP Physiology | |||||||||||||||
Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School > Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School |
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SWORD Depositor: | Library Publications Router | |||||||||||||||
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Body composition, Human body -- Composition -- Age factors, Low-protein diet, Isometric exercise, Nutrition, Energy metabolism, Exercise -- Physiological aspects, Proteins -- Metabolism | |||||||||||||||
Journal or Publication Title: | Physiological Reports | |||||||||||||||
Publisher: | Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd. | |||||||||||||||
ISSN: | 2051-817X | |||||||||||||||
Official Date: | 15 June 2022 | |||||||||||||||
Dates: |
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Volume: | 10 | |||||||||||||||
Number: | 11 | |||||||||||||||
Article Number: | e15268 | |||||||||||||||
DOI: | 10.14814/phy2.15268 | |||||||||||||||
Status: | Peer Reviewed | |||||||||||||||
Publication Status: | Published | |||||||||||||||
Access rights to Published version: | Open Access (Creative Commons) | |||||||||||||||
Date of first compliant deposit: | 27 July 2022 | |||||||||||||||
Date of first compliant Open Access: | 27 July 2022 | |||||||||||||||
RIOXX Funder/Project Grant: |
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