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Extending the energy-power balance of Li-ion batteries using graded electrodes with precise spatial control of local composition
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Cheng, Chuan, Drummond, Ross, Duncan, Stephen R. and Grant, Patrick S. (2022) Extending the energy-power balance of Li-ion batteries using graded electrodes with precise spatial control of local composition. Journal of Power Sources, 542 . 231758. doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2022.231758 ISSN 0378-7753.
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Official URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2022.231758
Abstract
Commercial Li-ion cell electrodes comprise a random mix of the constituent materials largely unchanged for more than three decades. During fast charge/discharge, electrode-scale Li-ion concentration gradients develop, along with a spatially heterogeneous distribution of overpotential, utilization and degradation of active material, which ultimately restricts the range of realizable energy-power combinations. We expand energy-power characteristics and reduce cell degradation rate using electrodes that are compositionally graded at the microscale to homogenize active material utilization. Trapezoidal-graded composition LiFePO4 cathodes, enabled by a layer-by-layer deposition technique, are compared with conventional electrodes: at an energy density of 500 Wh L−1 the best graded electrode design increased power density from approximately 100 W L−1 to 630 W L−1, while at a power density of 300 W L−1, the energy density increased from approximately 420 Wh L−1 to 600 Wh L−1. The results highlight the potential for new manufacturing approaches and electrode designs to provide performance enhancements for existing and future Li ion battery chemistries.
| Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||||||||
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| Subjects: | T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering T Technology > TP Chemical technology T Technology > TS Manufactures |
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| Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Engineering > WMG (Formerly the Warwick Manufacturing Group) | ||||||||||||
| Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Lithium ion batteries , Lithium ion batteries -- Thermal properties, Energy storage, Electrodes , Electric batteries -- Electrodes, Additive manufacturing, Lithium ion batteries -- Materials | ||||||||||||
| Journal or Publication Title: | Journal of Power Sources | ||||||||||||
| Publisher: | Elsevier | ||||||||||||
| ISSN: | 0378-7753 | ||||||||||||
| Official Date: | September 2022 | ||||||||||||
| Dates: |
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| Volume: | 542 | ||||||||||||
| Article Number: | 231758 | ||||||||||||
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2022.231758 | ||||||||||||
| Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||||||||||
| Publication Status: | Published | ||||||||||||
| Access rights to Published version: | Open Access (Creative Commons) | ||||||||||||
| Date of first compliant deposit: | 23 June 2022 | ||||||||||||
| Date of first compliant Open Access: | 24 June 2022 | ||||||||||||
| RIOXX Funder/Project Grant: |
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