%PDF-1.4
%忏嫌
1 0 obj
<>>>/BBox[0 0 584.96 782.99]/Length 132>>stream
x0修
緱,J跃QPd8薯姍b妝+鋆;
崈咮又缘0
6堓暱殉雵闾飁硵痵t>慘亁~閱 嶱5驆1xn姓憣j辱*В綕D
[:[7+~m9'
endstream
endobj
3 0 obj
<>>>/BBox[0 0 584.96 782.99]/Length 132>>stream
x0修
緱,J跃QPd8薯姍b妝+鋆;
崈咮又缘0
6堓暱殉雵闾飁硵痵t>慘亁~閱 嶱5驆1xn姓憣j辱*В綕D
[:[7+~m9'
endstream
endobj
15 0 obj
<>>>/BBox[0 0 584.96 782.99]/Length 132>>stream
x0修
緱,J跃QPd8薯姍b妝+鋆;
崈咮又缘0
6堓暱殉雵闾飁硵痵t>慘亁~閱 嶱5驆1xn姓憣j辱*В綕D
[:[7+~m9'
endstream
endobj
4 0 obj
<>>>/BBox[0 0 584.96 782.99]/Length 132>>stream
x0修
緱,J跃QPd8薯姍b妝+鋆;
崈咮又缘0
6堓暱殉雵闾飁硵痵t>慘亁~閱 嶱5驆1xn姓憣j辱*В綕D
[:[7+~m9'
endstream
endobj
11 0 obj
<>>>/BBox[0 0 584.96 782.99]/Length 132>>stream
x0修
緱,J跃QPd8薯姍b妝+鋆;
崈咮又缘0
6堓暱殉雵闾飁硵痵t>慘亁~閱 嶱5驆1xn姓憣j辱*В綕D
[:[7+~m9'
endstream
endobj
10 0 obj
<>>>/BBox[0 0 584.96 782.99]/Length 132>>stream
x0修
緱,J跃QPd8薯姍b妝+鋆;
崈咮又缘0
6堓暱殉雵闾飁硵痵t>慘亁~閱 嶱5驆1xn姓憣j辱*В綕D
[:[7+~m9'
endstream
endobj
5 0 obj
<>>>/BBox[0 0 584.96 782.99]/Length 132>>stream
x0修
緱,J跃QPd8薯姍b妝+鋆;
崈咮又缘0
6堓暱殉雵闾飁硵痵t>慘亁~閱 嶱5驆1xn姓憣j辱*В綕D
[:[7+~m9'
endstream
endobj
7 0 obj
<>>>/BBox[0 0 584.96 782.99]/Length 132>>stream
x0修
緱,J跃QPd8薯姍b妝+鋆;
崈咮又缘0
6堓暱殉雵闾飁硵痵t>慘亁~閱 嶱5驆1xn姓憣j辱*В綕D
[:[7+~m9'
endstream
endobj
13 0 obj
<>>>/BBox[0 0 584.96 782.99]/Length 132>>stream
x0修
緱,J跃QPd8薯姍b妝+鋆;
崈咮又缘0
6堓暱殉雵闾飁硵痵t>慘亁~閱 嶱5驆1xn姓憣j辱*В綕D
[:[7+~m9'
endstream
endobj
8 0 obj
<>>>/BBox[0 0 584.96 782.99]/Length 132>>stream
x0修
緱,J跃QPd8薯姍b妝+鋆;
崈咮又缘0
6堓暱殉雵闾飁硵痵t>慘亁~閱 嶱5驆1xn姓憣j辱*В綕D
[:[7+~m9'
endstream
endobj
9 0 obj
<>>>/BBox[0 0 584.96 782.99]/Length 132>>stream
x0修
緱,J跃QPd8薯姍b妝+鋆;
崈咮又缘0
6堓暱殉雵闾飁硵痵t>慘亁~閱 嶱5驆1xn姓憣j辱*В綕D
[:[7+~m9'
endstream
endobj
14 0 obj
<>>>/BBox[0 0 584.96 782.99]/Length 132>>stream
x0修
緱,J跃QPd8薯姍b妝+鋆;
崈咮又缘0
6堓暱殉雵闾飁硵痵t>慘亁~閱 嶱5驆1xn姓憣j辱*В綕D
[:[7+~m9'
endstream
endobj
17 0 obj
<>>>/BBox[0 0 584.96 782.99]/Length 132>>stream
x0修
緱,J跃QPd8薯姍b妝+鋆;
崈咮又缘0
6堓暱殉雵闾飁硵痵t>慘亁~閱 嶱5驆1xn姓憣j辱*В綕D
[:[7+~m9'
endstream
endobj
12 0 obj
<>>>/BBox[0 0 584.96 782.99]/Length 132>>stream
x0修
緱,J跃QPd8薯姍b妝+鋆;
崈咮又缘0
6堓暱殉雵闾飁硵痵t>慘亁~閱 嶱5驆1xn姓憣j辱*В綕D
[:[7+~m9'
endstream
endobj
16 0 obj
<>>>/BBox[0 0 584.96 782.99]/Length 132>>stream
x0修
緱,J跃QPd8薯姍b妝+鋆;
崈咮又缘0
6堓暱殉雵闾飁硵痵t>慘亁~閱 嶱5驆1xn姓憣j辱*В綕D
[:[7+~m9'
endstream
endobj
6 0 obj
<>>>/BBox[0 0 584.96 782.99]/Length 132>>stream
x0修
緱,J跃QPd8薯姍b妝+鋆;
崈咮又缘0
6堓暱殉雵闾飁硵痵t>慘亁~閱 嶱5驆1xn姓憣j辱*В綕D
[:[7+~m9'
endstream
endobj
19 0 obj
<>stream
Merging Plastics, Microbes, and Enzymes: Highlights from an International Workshop
10.1128/aem.00721-22
Diego Javier Jim茅nez
Ba艧ak 脰zt眉rk
Ren Wei
Timothy D. Bugg
Carol Viviana Amaya Gomez
Felipe Salcedo Galan
Jinneth Lorena Castro-Mayorga
Juan Fernando Saldarriaga
Natalia Andrea Tarazona
Minireview
Minireview
biobased plastics
biodegradation
enzyme engineering
lignocellulose
microbial evolution
microbial consortia
microbiomes
plastic recycling
polymer science
polyethylene terephthalate
American Society for Microbiology
Jim茅nez et al.
Copyright 漏 2022 Jim茅nez et al.
This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license.
20220628
2022
ABSTRACT
In the Anthropocene, plastic pollution is a worldwide concern that must be tackled from different viewpoints, bringing together different areas of science. Microbial transformation of polymers is a broad-spectrum research topic that has become a keystone in the circular economy of fossil-based and biobased plastics. To have an open discussion about these themes, experts in the synthesis of polymers and biodegradation of lignocellulose and plastics convened within the framework of The Transnational Network for Research and Innovation in Microbial Biodiversity, Enzymes Technology and Polymer Science (MENZYPOL-NET), which was recently created by early-stage scientists from Colombia and Germany. In this context, the international workshop 鈥淢icrobial Synthesis and Degradation of Polymers: Toward a Sustainable Bioeconomy鈥 was held on 27 September 2021 via Zoom. The workshop was divided into two sections, and questions were raised for discussion with panelists and expert guests. Several key points and relevant perspectives were delivered, mainly related to (i) the microbial evolution driven by plastic pollution; (ii) the relevance of and interplay between polymer structure/composition, enzymatic mechanisms, and assessment methods in plastic biodegradation; (iii) the recycling and valorization of plastic waste; (iv) engineered plastic-degrading enzymes; (v) the impact of (micro)plastics on environmental microbiomes; (vi) the isolation of plastic-degrading (PD) microbes and design of PD microbial consortia; and (vii) the synthesis and applications of biobased plastics. Finally, research priorities from these key points were identified within the microbial, enzyme, and polymer sciences.
1098-5336
Adobe LiveCycle PDF Generator; modified using iText庐 5.5.13.2 漏2000-2020 iText Group NV (AGPL-version)2022-07-04T02:06:12-07:00
endstream
endobj
20 0 obj
<>stream
x+ |
endstream
endobj
21 0 obj
<>stream
x淪**T0T0 B櫆珷慽h挴 Y
endstream
endobj
22 0 obj
<>stream
x+ |
endstream
endobj
23 0 obj
<>stream
x淪**T0T0 B櫆珷慽∴挴 y+
endstream
endobj
24 0 obj
<>stream
x+ |
endstream
endobj
25 0 obj
<>stream
x淪**T0T0 B櫆珷慽hむ挴 ~V
endstream
endobj
26 0 obj
<>stream
x+ |
endstream
endobj
27 0 obj
<>stream
x淪**T0T0 B櫆珷慽hㄠ挴 uU
endstream
endobj
28 0 obj
<>stream
x+ |
endstream
endobj
29 0 obj
<>stream
x淪**T0T0 B櫆珷慽む挴 yJ%
endstream
endobj
30 0 obj
<>stream
x+ |
endstream
endobj
31 0 obj
<>stream
x淪**T0T0 B櫆珷慽挴 ye(
endstream
endobj
32 0 obj
<>stream
x+ |
endstream
endobj
33 0 obj
<>stream
x淪**T0T0 B櫆珷慽h挴 W
endstream
endobj
34 0 obj
<>stream
x+ |
endstream
endobj
35 0 obj
<>stream
x淪**T0T0 B櫆珷慽挴 yw*
endstream
endobj
36 0 obj
<>stream
x+ |
endstream
endobj
37 0 obj
<>stream
x淪**T0T0 B櫆珷慽︵挴 yn)
endstream
endobj
38 0 obj
<>stream
x+ |
endstream
endobj
39 0 obj
<>stream
x淪**T0T0 B櫆珷慽犩挴 y8#
endstream
endobj
40 0 obj
<>stream
x+ |
endstream
endobj
41 0 obj
<>stream
x淪**T0T0 B櫆珷慽⑧挴 y\'
endstream
endobj
42 0 obj
<>stream
x+ |
endstream
endobj
43 0 obj
<>stream
x淪**T0T0 B櫆珷慽挴 yS&
endstream
endobj
44 0 obj
<>stream
x+ |
endstream
endobj
45 0 obj
<>stream
x淪**T0T0 B櫆珷慽h⑧挴 X
endstream
endobj
46 0 obj
<>stream
x+ |
endstream
endobj
47 0 obj
<>stream
x淪**T0T0 B櫆珷慽┼挴 y,
endstream
endobj
48 0 obj
<>stream
x+ |
endstream
endobj
49 0 obj
<>stream
x淪**T0T0 B櫆珷慽h犩挴 lT
endstream
endobj
50 0 obj
<>stream
x+ |
endstream
endobj
51 0 obj
<>stream
x淪**T0T0 B櫆珷慽ㄠ挴 yA$
endstream
endobj
53 0 obj
<>stream
H墝W蹘廴啪蜽% X2涽>宀`$<6#5"R兜_:u獩詘芚$换.ИNU/n鲕?黴﨏=s冲觾焑蛳鲜|慹緶U峗4-f藯嘗总祗脇9咛饦淪(扷/捨茛Ly⿹面樜薊烄舻O鐈僊W|urn炞^唗^,殼脄&*9"鵢_p耂#识敓钯Q末OK,t0趋O)8俜N鏤r肹『a簋柭郢6翥:)&-^!y砄kuH誕麽䦟璢D碠:暛-傷?c僈>!72UU穊)|閔霶鱏昚S筀濺H鑂裶釅拾炀A墬8c/6#FNu1蹛闤=6f"紜"
y妻Zb`帮觵\w\鮵(}SOB.愭yNHQ 妸咵^Te蓀纖3G 2-鯵`x伟&J癰儱J)3-M$農;彀H狳咗靭唄皐8Xk瞏6X珳.轃屴仄潁7㈨vb4钀賖蛢R6I1鈀佸!M刣Iy{S3剚2
1囮W滬乗&賕C洈!贛j*麣
a^B$#7|^鮼堈榤乜解Cm{厔t愛弎pH)9$啀")薆饎w镶p琜,F
噓踲琼u?2敊腘,敃,责呜%倵);齪螻UV ;y栆:ux}!嫬踩肳!拦 ?<顿QN坬檟覿鴶+觝 葱U鞄>蒞q貼JN攁]Y2松顂慥JIG崿.麛86溪滋徼铌D%5蕭錒S
J0,Q
濉1w痓栺U,Qy鰚洁CR2稁4昍^MPk&襋SX縚EN敃(邍IB乚具甫籡大塼虧"稦9躰毊3u偀籽筈桚D皺諱R+/悞Ihn划/蚄v嘋枋螈m侩顴[伾徑迸L伡lY_k鉭 S諮mV蛨靱*墠敺&噁=3宧靯j
OZ愉竌挿答峹u暡N糸`;M濎芑 D3郻Sξ寨哙鉓w陴
啅牆掟m瘭Q拉iC,~
S 诩Ke_% .呅朧Z袚賜k#7g+p図fぺ幯鑗闂+M/F頬8l3矼銣猄;t彟帲C愱-l^磙H噬 骝譙2埾xo0鴍/ 怔z塑)Cc.UEs:5;鈡揲鷧曽抝曦H]︰x1Y'&嘝O^zyH湘忣3鱄:AUxn:蜬鬸
oR#釁t#"$,鼏橖}偶襭db熴1辖O.+i!LBl 帢#s0鐗峸.釗4H澷sB^p2Bo8ZEw劥
礋僷d煋f_闬!3骧〾匀皂堆#PU蜯逺珥票挽Z孪+靌彯斪uTzb.醅X媾U7瀼P+%>W窍0Z緟V8蚋-鄩坍]驣聺O麻
-擫㈣*<婀1犌絞[a
嗏h+锝rd潿W垇O烕W:5兔v虵|讀洘
衱 gw伿&\橄骨Up敉. 辿yx俬篏@^V0]喰蠍#.4漶竮-仨Q烐殜甈侰"k:mv橚0躬|^t %_W餌z迉_tRk螐胉A鳈啳9萅$a螱;d"r4用U社zダ嫏 x共P.Zi厭欬茽x蓸9崩朲Vゼ氋絶椺9玼=諂cu語;F籼減:k慦0l絭n dt= U楲cy~$傘e).G\鱙
7Z笮慞B咶紴鮺i釨i昐_?溬僆詋V9@袷汇A
篟Vo(丘鵋〉rG匊'+镁9>f箣Y:h`”弾Lu攈辥pl鐅螏8関#冝受3醤覑觥x懱襭dj䦃洢r3淮ew瑅遏
J"篻*VV("%Q轲鉍)弯鑡0(┹隸莚1藥旂CO匐墭% .攰Ⅵ玻麵痋梼
&ッ闞7k蠒會No-瘄T"{A駂9P遮xFU0靧籃粚狴吥>od諬}荄Z L悩剚M雯B馵R">K-~鳀H Np^ 鞏{Z0J鼰怒溜儨Mh挡sY殍's祹
z塸Jtp礆P