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Forecasting new diseases in low-data settings using transfer learning
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Roster, Kirstin, Connaughton, Colm and Rodrigues, Francisco A. (2022) Forecasting new diseases in low-data settings using transfer learning. Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, 161 . 112306. doi:10.1016/j.chaos.2022.112306 ISSN 0960-0779.
An open access version can be found in:
Official URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chaos.2022.112306
Abstract
Recent infectious disease outbreaks, such as the COVID-19 pandemic and the Zika epidemic in Brazil, have demonstrated both the importance and difficulty of accurately forecasting novel infectious diseases. When new diseases first emerge, we have little knowledge of the transmission process, the level and duration of immunity to reinfection, or other parameters required to build realistic epidemiological models. Time series forecasts and machine learning, while less reliant on assumptions about the disease, require large amounts of data that are also not available in early stages of an outbreak. In this study, we examine how knowledge of related diseases can help make predictions of new diseases in data-scarce environments using transfer learning. We implement both an empirical and a synthetic approach. Using data from Brazil, we compare how well different machine learning models transfer knowledge between two different dataset pairs: case counts of (i) dengue and Zika, and (ii) influenza and COVID-19. In the synthetic analysis, we generate data with an SIR model using different transmission and recovery rates, and then compare the effectiveness of different transfer learning methods. We find that transfer learning offers the potential to improve predictions, even beyond a model based on data from the target disease, though the appropriate source disease must be chosen carefully. While imperfect, these models offer an additional input for decision makers for pandemic response.
Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||||
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Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Mathematics | ||||||||
SWORD Depositor: | Library Publications Router | ||||||||
Journal or Publication Title: | Chaos, Solitons & Fractals | ||||||||
Publisher: | Pergamon | ||||||||
ISSN: | 0960-0779 | ||||||||
Official Date: | August 2022 | ||||||||
Dates: |
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Volume: | 161 | ||||||||
Article Number: | 112306 | ||||||||
DOI: | 10.1016/j.chaos.2022.112306 | ||||||||
Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||||||
Publication Status: | Published | ||||||||
Access rights to Published version: | Restricted or Subscription Access | ||||||||
Open Access Version: |
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