Gulsoy, B., Vincent, T. A., Sansom, J. E. H. and Marco, J. (2022) In-situ temperature monitoring of a lithium-ion battery using an embedded thermocouple for smart battery applications. Journal of Energy Storage, 54 . 105260. doi:10.1016/j.est.2022.105260 ISSN 2352-152X.

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Abstract

Uncertainty in the measurement of key battery internal states, such as temperature, impacts our understanding of battery performance, degradation and safety and underpins considerable complexity and cost when scaling-up battery components into complete systems. Our research presents a systematic methodology for the engineering of a commercially available cylindrical cell format to accept in-cell instrumentation. We have developed bespoke cell opening methods and unique fixtures that facilitate a reliable instrumentation process. Extensive experimental results are presented that highlight the performance of both the sensor and the lithium-ion battery are not adversely affected by instrumentation. Our modified test cells were evaluated the energy capacity and impedance for a range of different electrical loading conditions and compared to a set of reference or unmodified batteries. The longer-term implications of embedding instrumentation within a battery are also evaluated with cell performance evaluated after a period of calendar and cyclic ageing. Our study demonstrates the importance of internal temperature monitoring during cell operation by comparing internal and surface temperatures measurements. We found that the internal temperature is consistently and notably higher than surface temperature during cell characterisation and when the cell was electrically loaded with a dynamic real-world profile derived from an electric vehicle. No significant effect on the electrochemical performance of the instrumented cells was observed. Measurement data demonstrates that there is a negligible reduction in energy capacity and only a marginal increase in internal resistance.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Subjects:	Q Science > QC Physics T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering
Divisions:	Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Engineering > WMG (Formerly the Warwick Manufacturing Group)
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH):	Lithium ion batteries, Lithium ion batteries -- Temperature control, Lithium ion batteries -- Storage, Electric batteries -- Design and construction, Electronic systems -- Maintenance and repair, Thermocouples
Journal or Publication Title:	Journal of Energy Storage
Publisher:	Elsevier
ISSN:	2352-152X
Official Date:	October 2022
Dates:	Date Event October 2022 Published 13 July 2022 Available 1 July 2022 Accepted 18 March 2022 Submitted
Volume:	54
Number of Pages:	13
Article Number:	105260
DOI:	10.1016/j.est.2022.105260
Status:	Peer Reviewed
Publication Status:	Published
Access rights to Published version:	Open Access (Creative Commons)
Date of first compliant deposit:	13 July 2022
Date of first compliant Open Access:	13 July 2022
RIOXX Funder/Project Grant:	Project/Grant ID RIOXX Funder Name Funder ID 160080 CORE High Value Manufacturing Catapult UNSPECIFIED 160080 CORE Innovate UK http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100006041

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