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Pre-supernova alert system for Super-Kamiokande
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The Super-Kamiokande Collaboration (Including: Hadley, David R., Nicholson, Matthew, O’Flaherty, Marcus and Richards, B.). (2022) Pre-supernova alert system for Super-Kamiokande. Astrophysical Journal, 935 (1). 40. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac7f9c ISSN 1538-4357.
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Official URL: https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac7f9c
Abstract
In 2020, the Super-Kamiokande (SK) experiment moved to a new stage (SK-Gd) in which gadolinium (Gd) sulfate octahydrate was added to the water in the detector, enhancing the efficiency to detect thermal neutrons and consequently improving the sensitivity to low energy electron anti-neutrinos from inverse beta decay (IBD) interactions. SK-Gd has the potential to provide early alerts of incipient core-collapse supernovae through detection of electron anti-neutrinos from thermal and nuclear processes responsible for the cooling of massive stars before the gravitational collapse of their cores. These pre-supernova neutrinos emitted during the silicon burning phase can exceed the energy threshold for IBD reactions. We present the sensitivity of SK-Gd to pre-supernova stars and the techniques used for the development of a pre-supernova alarm based on the detection of these neutrinos in SK, as well as prospects for future SK-Gd phases with higher concentrations of Gd. For the current SK-Gd phase, high-confidence alerts for Betelgeuse could be issued up to 9 hr in advance of the core collapse itself.
Item Type: | Journal Article | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Subjects: | Q Science > QC Physics | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Physics | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SWORD Depositor: | Library Publications Router | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Neutrinos, Particles (Nuclear physics), Supernovae | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Journal or Publication Title: | Astrophysical Journal | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Publisher: | American Astronomical Society | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ISSN: | 1538-4357 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Official Date: | 12 August 2022 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dates: |
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Volume: | 935 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Number: | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Article Number: | 40 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
DOI: | 10.3847/1538-4357/ac7f9c | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Status: | Peer Reviewed | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Publication Status: | Published | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Re-use Statement: | ** From IOP Publishing via Jisc Publications Router ** History: received 19-05-2022; rev-recd 28-06-2022; accepted 28-06-2022; oa-requested 28-06-2022; ppub 01-08-2022; epub 12-08-2022; open-access 12-08-2022. ** Licence for this article: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Access rights to Published version: | Open Access (Creative Commons) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Date of first compliant deposit: | 12 October 2022 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Date of first compliant Open Access: | 12 October 2022 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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