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Immune disruptions and night shift work in hospital healthcare professionals : the intricate effects of social jet-lag and sleep debt
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Faraut, Brice, Cordina-Duverger, Emilie, Aristizabal, Guillen, Drogou, Catherine, Gauriau, Caroline, Sauvet, Fabien, Lévi, Francis A., Léger, Damien and Guénel, Pascal (2022) Immune disruptions and night shift work in hospital healthcare professionals : the intricate effects of social jet-lag and sleep debt. Frontiers in Immunology, 13 . 939829. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.939829 ISSN 1664-3224.
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Official URL: https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.939829
Abstract
Objectives:
We aimed to examine the effects of circadian and sleep rhythm disruptions on immune biomarkers among hospital healthcare professionals working night shifts and rotating day shifts.
Methods:
Hospital nurses working either as permanent night shifters (n=95) or as day shifters rotating between morning and afternoon shifts (n=96) kept a daily diary on their sleep and work schedules over a full working week. Blood samples were collected at the beginning and end of the last shift during the week, and participants were categorized into three groups based on work shift: morning shift (39 day shifters sampled at 7:00 and 14:00), afternoon shift (57 day shifters sampled at 14:00 and 21:00), and night shift (95 night shifters sampled at 21:00 and 7:00). Circulating blood counts in immune cells, interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein concentrations as well as total sleep time per 24 hours during work days (TST24w) and free days (TST24f), sleep debt (TST24f — TST24w) and social jet-lag (a behavioral proxy of circadian misalignment) were assessed.
Results:
Compared with day shifters, night shifters had shorter sleep duration (TST24w=5.4 ± 1.4h), greater sleep debt (3.2 ± 1.4 h) and social jet-lag (6.7 ± 2.4 h). Variations of immune biomarkers concentrations were consistent with the expected diurnal variations among day shifters (i.e., low level in the morning, increase during the day, peak value in the evening). By contrast, in night shifters, blood concentrations of total lymphocytes, T-helper cells, cytotoxic T-cells, memory B-cells and interleukin-6 were lower at 21:00, increased during the night, and reached higher values at 7:00. Multivariate analyses ruled out significant impact of TST24w, sleep debt, and social jet-lag on immune biomarkers concentrations among day shifters. In contrast, among night shifters, multivariate analyses indicated a combined effect of total sleep time (TST24w), sleep debt and social jet-lag for total lymphocytes and T-helper cells but only a social jet-lag effect for interleukin-6 and a single total sleep time effect for neutrophil and B-Cells.
Conclusions:
Altogether, our results point to intricate response patterns of immune rhythms to circadian misalignment and sleep debt in night shifters. Specifically, these altered pattern expressions of immune cells may increase vulnerability to infections and reduce vaccination efficiency in night workers.
| Item Type: | Journal Article | |||||||||
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| Subjects: | Q Science > QP Physiology Q Science > QR Microbiology > QR180 Immunology |
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| Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School | |||||||||
| SWORD Depositor: | Library Publications Router | |||||||||
| Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Sleep -- Physiological aspects, Night work -- Physiological aspects, Sleep disorders -- Immunological aspects, Circadian rhythms -- Health aspects, Leucocytes -- Motility, Hospitals -- Employees | |||||||||
| Journal or Publication Title: | Frontiers in Immunology | |||||||||
| Publisher: | Frontiers Media S.A. | |||||||||
| ISSN: | 1664-3224 | |||||||||
| Official Date: | 9 September 2022 | |||||||||
| Dates: |
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| Volume: | 13 | |||||||||
| Article Number: | 939829 | |||||||||
| DOI: | 10.3389/fimmu.2022.939829 | |||||||||
| Status: | Peer Reviewed | |||||||||
| Publication Status: | Published | |||||||||
| Reuse Statement (publisher, data, author rights): | ** From Frontiers via Jisc Publications Router ** History: collection 2022; received 09-05-2022; accepted 29-07-2022; epub 09-09-2022. ** Licence for this article: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ | |||||||||
| Access rights to Published version: | Open Access (Creative Commons) | |||||||||
| Date of first compliant deposit: | 21 October 2022 | |||||||||
| Date of first compliant Open Access: | 21 October 2022 | |||||||||
| RIOXX Funder/Project Grant: |
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