Chandler, Laura, Patel, Chloe, Lovecka, Lia, Gardani, Maria, Walasek, Lukasz, Ellis, Jason, Meyer, Caroline, Johnson, Samantha Ann and Tang, Nicole K. Y. (2022) Improving university students’ mental health using multi-component and single-component sleep interventions : a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Medicine, 100 . pp. 354-363. doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2022.09.003

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Abstract

University is a time of significant transitions during a young adult's life, with delayed and shortened sleep and poor mental health a common occurrence. This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the effect of both multi-component and single-component sleep interventions on improving university students' sleep and mental health.

Five databases (MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Embase, CINAHL and Cochrane Library) were searched for relevant literature published until April 2022. Treatment studies including university students aged 18–24 years, participating in a sleep intervention (multi-component, e.g., CBT-I, or single-component, e.g., sleep hygiene) were eligible. Comparator groups were either active, i.e., alternative intervention, or passive, i.e., waitlist control or treatment-as-usual, with study outcomes to include measures of sleep and mental health.

Of 3435 references screened, 11 studies involving 5267 participants, with and without insomnia symptoms, were included for a narrative synthesis on intervention designs and methodology. Six studies eligible for meta-analyses showed a moderate effect of sleep interventions in reducing sleep disturbance (SMD = −0.548 [CI: −0.837, −0.258]) at post-treatment, alongside a small effect in improving anxiety (SMD = −0.226 [CI: −0.421, −0.031]) and depression (SMD = −0.295 [CI: −0.513, −0.077]). Meta-regression examining study and intervention characteristics identified subpopulation (experiencing insomnia or not) as a significant moderator for effects on sleep (p = 0.0003) and depression (p = 0.0063), with larger effects in studies with participants experiencing insomnia. Comparison group type (active or passive) was also a significant moderator (p = 0.0474), with larger effects on sleep in studies using passive comparison groups. Study type, delivery format, and intervention duration were not identified as significant moderators. At follow-ups, small but significant effects were sustained for anxiety and depression.

Protecting and promoting sleep amongst university students may help safeguard and advance mental health.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Subjects:	B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion > BF Psychology R Medicine > RA Public aspects of medicine > RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine
Divisions:	Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Engineering > WMG (Formerly the Warwick Manufacturing Group)
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH):	Sleep -- Health aspects, Insomnia -- Treatment, College students -- Mental health
Journal or Publication Title:	Sleep Medicine
Publisher:	Elsevier
ISSN:	1389-9457
Official Date:	December 2022
Dates:	Date Event December 2022 Published 14 September 2022 Available 6 September 2022 Accepted
Volume:	100
Page Range:	pp. 354-363
DOI:	10.1016/j.sleep.2022.09.003
Status:	Peer Reviewed
Publication Status:	Published
Access rights to Published version:	Open Access
RIOXX Funder/Project Grant:	Project/Grant ID RIOXX Funder Name Funder ID UNSPECIFIED [EPSRC] Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000266 UNSPECIFIED University of Warwick http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000741 UNSPECIFIED University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Partnership Trust UNSPECIFIED

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