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Type, density, and healthiness of food-outlets in a university foodscape : a geographical mapping and characterisation of food resources in a Ghanaian university campus
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Mensah, Daniel Opoku, Yeboah, Godwin, Batame, Michael, Lillywhite, Robert and Oyebode, Oyinlola (2022) Type, density, and healthiness of food-outlets in a university foodscape : a geographical mapping and characterisation of food resources in a Ghanaian university campus. BMC Public Health, 22 (1). 1912. doi:10.1186/s12889-022-14266-7 ISSN 1471-2458.
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WRAP-type-density-healthiness-food-outlets-university-foodscape-geographical-mapping-characterisation-food-resources-Ghanaian-university-campus-2022.pdf - Published Version - Requires a PDF viewer. Available under License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0. Download (2473Kb) | Preview |
Official URL: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-14266-7
Abstract
Introduction:
Food environments are viewed as the interface where individuals interact with the wider food system to procure and/or consume food. Institutional food environment characteristics have been associated with health outcomes including obesity and nutrition-related non-communicable diseases (NR-NCDs) in studies from high-income countries. The objectives of this study were (1) to map and characterise the food-outlets within a Ghanaian university campus; and (2) to assess the healthiness of the food outlets.
Methods:
Data collection was undertaken based on geospatial open-source technologies and the collaborative mapping platform OpenStreetMap using a systematic approach involving three phases: remote mapping, ground-truthing, and food-outlet survey. Spatial analyses were performed using Quantum Geographical Information System (QGIS) and comprised kernel density, buffer, and average nearest neighbour analyses to assess outlet distribution, density, and proximity. A classification system was developed to assess the healthiness of food-outlets within the University foodscape.
Results:
Food-outlets were unevenly distributed over the University foodscape, with many outlets clustered closer to student residencies. Informal food-outlets were the most frequent food-outlet type. Compared to NCD-healthy food-outlets, NCD-unhealthy food-outlets dominated the foodscape (50.7% vs 39.9%) with 9.4% being NCD-intermediate, suggesting a less-healthy university foodscape. More NCD-unhealthy food outlets than NCD-healthy food outlets clustered around student residences. This difference was statistically significant for food outlets within a 100-m buffer (p < 0.001) of student residence and those within 100 and 500 m from departmental buildings/lecture halls (at 5% level of significance).
Conclusion:
Further action, including research to ascertain how the features of the University’s food environment have or are influencing students’ dietary behaviours are needed to inform interventions aimed at creating healthier foodscapes in the study University and other campuses and to lead the way towards the creation of healthy food environments at the home, work, and community levels.
| Item Type: | Journal Article | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Subjects: | H Social Sciences > HD Industries. Land use. Labor T Technology > TX Home economics |
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| Divisions: | Faculty of Arts > School for Cross-faculty Studies Administration > Information and Digital Group > Information Technology Services > E-lab Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School > Health Sciences Administration > Information and Digital Group > Information Technology Services Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Life Sciences (2010- ) Administration > Research Support Services Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School |
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| Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | University -- Food service -- Ghana, School lunchrooms, cafeterias, etc. -- Ghana, Food -- Safety measures, University -- Food service -- Ghana -- Mathematical models, Food habits, College students -- Nutrition -- Ghana | |||||||||
| Journal or Publication Title: | BMC Public Health | |||||||||
| Publisher: | BioMed Central Ltd. | |||||||||
| ISSN: | 1471-2458 | |||||||||
| Official Date: | 13 October 2022 | |||||||||
| Dates: |
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| Volume: | 22 | |||||||||
| Number: | 1 | |||||||||
| Article Number: | 1912 | |||||||||
| DOI: | 10.1186/s12889-022-14266-7 | |||||||||
| Status: | Peer Reviewed | |||||||||
| Publication Status: | Published | |||||||||
| Access rights to Published version: | Open Access (Creative Commons) | |||||||||
| Date of first compliant deposit: | 19 October 2022 | |||||||||
| Date of first compliant Open Access: | 19 October 2022 | |||||||||
| RIOXX Funder/Project Grant: |
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