Lin, Sen, Ionescu, Claudia, Pike, Kevin J., Smith, Mark E. and Jones, Julian R. (2009) Nanostructure evolution and calcium distribution in sol-gel derived bioactive glass. Journal of Materials Chemistry, Vol.19 (No.9). pp. 1276-1282. doi:10.1039/b814292k ISSN 0959-9428.

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Abstract

Sol-gel derived bioactive glasses (70 mol% SiO2 and 30 mol% CaO) have high potential as materials for bone regeneration and devices for sustained drug delivery. They bond to bone and have a controllable degradation rate. They have a unique tailorable nanoporosity, which enhances their surface area and exposes hydroxyl groups and affects protein adsorption and cellular response. This study aims to fully characterise the evolution of the nanoporous structure of sol-gel derived bioactive glass for the first time, to fully understand its nanostructure evolution and control, so that materials with specific nanoporous networks can be produced to further enhance effects on tissue regeneration. It was confirmed that nanopores of sol-gel derived bioactive glass are interstitial spaces between nanoparticles. Nanoparticles, approximately 5 nm in diameter that were produced early in the process, agglomerated into larger particles during the gelation process (10-30 nm in diameter) during stabilisation via heat treatment. Inductive coupled plasma (ICP) analysis of the pore liquor after ageing revealed that calcium nitrate (the calcium precursor) dissolves in pore liquor before drying. Thermal real time X-ray diffraction and MAS-NMR data revealed that calcium nitrate coated the silica nanoparticles during drying and calcium did not enter the silica network until the material was heated to 400 degrees C. This has implications for ensuring a homogeneous calcium distribution in bioactive glasses made by the sol-gel route.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Subjects:	Q Science > QD Chemistry T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)
Divisions:	Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Physics
Journal or Publication Title:	Journal of Materials Chemistry
Publisher:	Royal Society of Chemistry
ISSN:	0959-9428
Official Date:	2009
Dates:	Date Event 2009 Published
Volume:	Vol.19
Number:	No.9
Number of Pages:	7
Page Range:	pp. 1276-1282
DOI:	10.1039/b814292k
Status:	Peer Reviewed
Publication Status:	Published
Access rights to Published version:	Restricted or Subscription Access
Funder:	Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC), Royal Academy of Engineering, Novathera Ltd, University of Warwick
Grant number:	EP/E057098 (EPSRC), EP/E051669 (EPSRC)

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