The Library

Exercise training has greater effects on insulin sensitivity in daughters of patients with type 2 diabetes than in women with no family history of diabetes

Tools

Barwell, Nicholas D., Malkova, Dalia, Moran, Colin N., Cleland, Steve J., Packard, Christopher J., Zammit, V. A. (Victor A.) and Gill, J. M. R. (Jason M. R.). (2008) Exercise training has greater effects on insulin sensitivity in daughters of patients with type 2 diabetes than in women with no family history of diabetes. Diabetologia, Volume 51 (Number 10). pp. 1912-1919. ISSN 0012-186X

Full text not available from this repository.

Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00125-008-1097-6

Abstract

Aims/hypothesis. Sedentary offspring of patients with type 2 diabetes are often more insulin-resistant than persons with no family history of diabetes, but when active or fit offspring of type 2 diabetic patients are compared with non-diabetic persons, differences in insulin resistance are less evident. This study aimed to determine the effects of an exercise training intervention on insulin sensitivity in both groups.

Methods. Women offspring (n=34) of type 2 diabetic patients (offspring age 35.6+/-7.0 years, BMI 28.1+/-5.1 kg/m(2)) and 36 matched female controls (age 33.6+/-6.1 years, BMI 27.3+/-4.7 kg/m(2)) participated. Body composition, fitness and metabolic measurements were made at baseline and after a controlled 7 week exercise intervention.

Results. At baseline, insulin sensitivity index (ISI) was 22% lower in offspring than controls (p < 0.05), despite similar body fat and maximal oxygen uptake ((V)over dotO(2max)) values in the two groups. ISI increased by 23% (p < 0.05) in offspring following the exercise intervention, compared with 7% (NS) in the controls. Increases in ((V)over dotO(2max))were similar in both groups (controls 12%, offspring 15%, p < 0.05 for both). Plasma leptin concentrations decreased significantly in the offspring (-24%, p < 0.01) but not in controls (0%, NS). Change in ISI correlated significantly with baseline ISI (r=-0.47, p < 0.0005) and change in leptin (r=-0.43, p < 0.0005). The latter relationship was not attenuated by adjustment for changes in body fat.

Conclusions/interpretation. Offspring, but not controls, significantly increased ISI in response to an exercise intervention, indicating that insulin sensitivity is more highly modulated by physical activity in daughters of patients with type 2 diabetes than in women with no family history of the disease.

Item Type:

Journal Article

Subjects:

Q Science > QP Physiology
R Medicine > RC Internal medicine

Divisions:

Faculty of Medicine > Warwick Medical School > Biomedical Sciences > Translational & Experimental Medicine > Metabolic and Vascular Health (- until July 2016)
Faculty of Medicine > Warwick Medical School

Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH):

Non-insulin-dependent diabetes -- Exercise therapy, Non-insulin-dependent diabetes -- Genetic aspects, Insulin resistance, Leptin, Sedentary behavior

Journal or Publication Title:

Diabetologia

Publisher:

Springer

ISSN:

0012-186X

Official Date:

October 2008

Dates:

Date	Event
October 2008	Published

Volume:

Volume 51

Number:

Number 10

Number of Pages:

Page Range:

pp. 1912-1919

Identification Number:

10.1007/s00125-008-1097-6

Status:

Peer Reviewed

Publication Status:

Published

Access rights to Published version:

Restricted or Subscription Access

Funder:

British Heart Foundation

Grant number:

PG/03/145 (BHF)

References:

1. Wild S, Roglic G, Green A, Sicree R, King H (2004) Global
prevalence of diabetes: estimates for the year 2000 and projections
for 2030. Diabetes Care 27:1047–1053
2. Booth FW, Gordon SE, Carlson CJ, Hamilton MT (2000) Waging
war on modern chronic diseases: primary prevention through
exercise biology. J Appl Physiol 88:774–787
3. Astrup A, Finer N (2000) Redefining type 2 diabetes: ‘diabesity’
or ‘obesity dependent diabetes mellitus’? Obes Rev 1:57–59
4. Manson JE, Nathan DM, Krolewski AS, Stampfer MJ, Willett
WC, Hennekens CH (1992) A prospective study of exercise and
incidence of diabetes among US male physicians. JAMA 268:63–
67
5. Ohlson LO, Larsson B, Bjorntorp P et al (1988) Risk factors for
type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. Thirteen and
one-half years of follow-up of the participants in a study of
Swedish men born in 1913. Diabetologia 31:798–805
6. Kobberling J, Tillil H (1982) Empirical risk factors for first degree
relatives of non insulin dependent diabetes. In: Kobberling J,
Tattersall RB (eds) The genetics of diabetes mellitus. Academic
Press, London, pp 201–209
7. Kriketos AD, Greenfield JR, Peake PW et al (2004) Inflammation,
insulin resistance, and adiposity: a study of first-degree relatives
of type 2 diabetic subjects. Diabetes Care 27:2033–2040
8. Nyholm B, Nielsen MF, Kristensen K et al (2004) Evidence of
increased visceral obesity and reduced physical fitness in healthy
insulin-resistant first-degree relatives of type 2 diabetic patients.
Eur J Endocrinol 150:207–214
9. Perseghin G, Ghosh S, Gerow K, Shulman GI (1997) Metabolic
defects in lean nondiabetic offspring of NIDDM parents: a crosssectional
study. Diabetes 46:1001–1009
10. Hu FB, Sigal RJ, Rich-Edwards JW et al (1999) Walking
compared with vigorous physical activity and risk of type 2
diabetes in women: a prospective study. JAMA 282:1433–1439
11. Sargeant LA, Wareham NJ, Khaw KT (2000) Family history of
diabetes identifies a group at increased risk for the metabolic
consequences of obesity and physical inactivity in EPIC-Norfolk:
a population-based study. The European Prospective Investigation
into Cancer. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 24:1333–1339
12. Higgins S, Gill JMR, Janilionyte R, Caslake MJ, Malkova D
(2005) Physical activity, dietary intake and metabolic risk factors
in non-diabetic daughters of patients with type II diabetes. Prev
Med 40:145–151
13. Ahn CW, Song YD, Nam JH et al (2004) Insulin sensitivity in
physically fit and unfit children of parents with type 2 diabetes.
Diabet Med 21:59–63
14. Gill JMR, Malkova D (2006) Physical activity, fitness and
cardiovascular disease risk in adults: interactions with insulin
resistance and obesity. Clin Sci (Lond) 110:409–425
15. Creinin MD, Keverline S, Meyn LA (2004) How regular is
regular? An analysis of menstrual cycle regularity. Contraception
70:289–292
16. Spurway NC (1992) Aerobic exercise, anaerobic exercise and the
lactate threshold. Br Med Bull 48:569–591
17. American College of Sports Medicine (1995) Guidelines for
exercise testing and prescription. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore
18. Marfell-Jones M, Olds T, Stewart A, Carter L (2006) International
standards for anthropometric assessment. ISAK, Potchefstroom
19. No authors listed (1975) Lipid research clinics program manual of
laboratory operations. DHEW publication number (NIM) 75
20. Correia ML, Rahmouni K (2006) Role of leptin in the
cardiovascular and endocrine complications of metabolic syndrome.
Diabetes Obes Metab 8:603–610
21. Solomon TP, Sistrun SN, Krishnan RK et al (2008) Exercise and
diet enhance fat oxidation and reduce insulin resistance in older
obese adults. J Appl Physiol 104:1313–1319
22. Vauhkonen I, Niskanen L, Haffner S, Kainulainen S, Uusitupa M,
Laakso M (1998) Insulin resistant phenotype is associated with
high serum leptin levels in offspring of patients with non-insulindependent
diabetes mellitus. Eur J Endocrinol 139:598–604
23. Matsuda M, DeFronzo RA (1999) Insulin sensitivity indices
obtained from oral glucose tolerance testing: comparison with the
euglycemic insulin clamp. Diabetes Care 22:1462–1470
24. Magkos F, Tsekouras Y, Kavouras SA, Mittendorfer B, Sidossis
LS (2008) Improved insulin sensitivity after a single bout of
exercise is curvilinearly related to exercise energy expenditure.
Clin Sci (Lond) 114:59–64
25. An P, Teran-Garcia M, Rice T et al (2005) Genome-wide linkage
scans for prediabetes phenotypes in response to 20 weeks of
endurance exercise training in non-diabetic whites and blacks: the
HERITAGE Family Study. Diabetologia 48:1142–1149
26. Perseghin G, Price TB, Petersen KF et al (1996) Increased glucose
transport-phosphorylation and muscle glycogen synthesis after
exercise training in insulin-resistant subjects. N Engl J Med
335:1357–1362
27. Ostergard T, Andersen JL, Nyholm B et al (2006) Impact of exercise
training on insulin sensitivity, physical fitness, and muscle oxidative
capacity in first-degree relatives of type 2 diabetic patients. Am J
Physiol Endocrinol Metab 290:E998–E1005
28. Boule NG, Weisnagel SJ, Lakka TA et al (2005) Effects of
exercise training on glucose homeostasis: the HERITAGE Family
Study. Diabetes Care 28:108–114
29. Mak KH, Haffner SM (2003) Diabetes abolishes the gender gap in
coronary heart disease. Eur Heart J 24:1385–1386