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Exercise training has greater effects on insulin sensitivity in daughters of patients with type 2 diabetes than in women with no family history of diabetes

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Barwell, Nicholas D., Malkova, Dalia, Moran, Colin N., Cleland, Steve J., Packard, Christopher J., Zammit, V. A. (Victor A.) and Gill, J. M. R. (Jason M. R.). (2008) Exercise training has greater effects on insulin sensitivity in daughters of patients with type 2 diabetes than in women with no family history of diabetes. Diabetologia, Volume 51 (Number 10). pp. 1912-1919. ISSN 0012-186X

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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00125-008-1097-6

Abstract

Aims/hypothesis. Sedentary offspring of patients with type 2 diabetes are often more insulin-resistant than persons with no family history of diabetes, but when active or fit offspring of type 2 diabetic patients are compared with non-diabetic persons, differences in insulin resistance are less evident. This study aimed to determine the effects of an exercise training intervention on insulin sensitivity in both groups.

Methods. Women offspring (n=34) of type 2 diabetic patients (offspring age 35.6+/-7.0 years, BMI 28.1+/-5.1 kg/m(2)) and 36 matched female controls (age 33.6+/-6.1 years, BMI 27.3+/-4.7 kg/m(2)) participated. Body composition, fitness and metabolic measurements were made at baseline and after a controlled 7 week exercise intervention.

Results. At baseline, insulin sensitivity index (ISI) was 22% lower in offspring than controls (p < 0.05), despite similar body fat and maximal oxygen uptake ((V)over dotO(2max)) values in the two groups. ISI increased by 23% (p < 0.05) in offspring following the exercise intervention, compared with 7% (NS) in the controls. Increases in ((V)over dotO(2max))were similar in both groups (controls 12%, offspring 15%, p < 0.05 for both). Plasma leptin concentrations decreased significantly in the offspring (-24%, p < 0.01) but not in controls (0%, NS). Change in ISI correlated significantly with baseline ISI (r=-0.47, p < 0.0005) and change in leptin (r=-0.43, p < 0.0005). The latter relationship was not attenuated by adjustment for changes in body fat.

Conclusions/interpretation. Offspring, but not controls, significantly increased ISI in response to an exercise intervention, indicating that insulin sensitivity is more highly modulated by physical activity in daughters of patients with type 2 diabetes than in women with no family history of the disease.

Item Type:

Journal Article

Subjects:

Q Science > QP Physiology
R Medicine > RC Internal medicine

Divisions:

Faculty of Medicine > Warwick Medical School > Translational & Systems Medicine > Metabolic and Vascular Health
Faculty of Medicine > Warwick Medical School

Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH):

Non-insulin-dependent diabetes -- Exercise therapy, Non-insulin-dependent diabetes -- Genetic aspects, Insulin resistance, Leptin, Sedentary behavior

Journal or Publication Title:

Diabetologia

Publisher:

Springer

ISSN:

0012-186X

Official Date:

October 2008

Dates:

Date	Event
October 2008	Published

Volume:

Volume 51

Number:

Number 10

Number of Pages:

Page Range:

pp. 1912-1919

Identification Number:

10.1007/s00125-008-1097-6

Status:

Peer Reviewed

Publication Status:

Published

Access rights to Published version:

Restricted or Subscription Access

Funder:

British Heart Foundation

Grant number:

PG/03/145 (BHF)

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