Cleveland, S. Matthew, Taylor, H. P. and Dimmock, N. J. (1997) Selection of neutralizing antibody escape mutants with type A influenza virus HA-specific polyclonal antisera: possible significance for antigenic drift. Epidemiology and Infection, Vol.118 (No.2). pp. 149-154. doi:10.1017/S0950268896007303

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Abstract

Ten antisera were produced in rabbits by two or three intravenous injections of inactivated whole influenza type A virions. All contained haemagglutination-inhibition (HI) antibody directed predominantly to an epitope in antigenic site B and, in addition, various amounts of antibodies to an epitope in site A and in site D. The ability of untreated antisera to select neutralization escape mutants was investigated by incubating virus possessing the homologous haemagglutinin with antiserum adjusted to contain anti-B epitope HI titres of 100, 1000 and 10000 HIU/ml. Virus-antiserum mixtures were inoculated into embryonated hen's eggs, and progeny virus examined without further selection. Forty percent of the antisera at a titre of 1000 HIU/ml selected neutralizing antibody escape mutants as defined by their lack of reactivity to Mab HC10 (site B), and unchanged reactivity to other Mabs to site A and site D epitopes. All escape mutant-selecting antisera had a ratio of anti-site B (HC10)-epitope antibody[ratio]other antibodies of [gt-or-equal, slanted]2·0[ratio]1. The antiserum with the highest ratio (7·4[ratio]1) selected escape mutants in all eggs tested in four different experiments. No antiserum used at a titre of 10000 HIU/ml allowed multiplication of any virus. All antisera used at a titre of 100 HIU/ml permitted virus growth, but this was wild-type (wt) virus. We conclude that a predominant epitope-specific antibody response, a titre of [gt-or-equal, slanted]1000 HIU/ml, and a low absolute titre of other antibodies ([less-than-or-eq, slant]500 HIU/ml) are three requirements for the selection of escape mutants. None of the antisera in this study could have selected escape mutants without an appropriate dilution factor, so the occurrence of an escape mutant-selecting antiserum in nature is likely to be a rare event.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Subjects:	Q Science > QR Microbiology > QR355 Virology
Divisions:	Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Life Sciences (2010- ) > Biological Sciences ( -2010)
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH):	Influenza A virus -- Research, Viral antibodies -- Research, Influenza viruses -- Variation, Influenza vaccines -- Research
Journal or Publication Title:	Epidemiology and Infection
Publisher:	Cambridge University Press
ISSN:	0950-2688
Official Date:	April 1997
Dates:	Date Event April 1997 Published
Volume:	Vol.118
Number:	No.2
Page Range:	pp. 149-154
DOI:	10.1017/S0950268896007303
Status:	Peer Reviewed
Access rights to Published version:	Open Access
Funder:	University of Warwick

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