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Ultrasonic detection of surface-breaking railhead defects
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Edwards, R. S. (Rachel S.), Fan, Yichao, Papaelias, M., Dixon, Steve M., Davis, Claire and Roberts, Clive (2008) Ultrasonic detection of surface-breaking railhead defects. AIP Conference Proceedings, Vol.975 (No.1). pp. 602-609. doi:10.1063/1.2902716 ISSN 0094-243X.
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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2902716
Abstract
We recently presented measurements of defects on the railhead, using a novel pitch-catch ultrasonic system comprising of two electro-magnetic acoustic transducers (EMATs) generating and detecting Rayleigh waves. Current systems used on the UK rail network for detecting surface breaking defects are limited in speed (< 30 mph) and accuracy (depths > 5 mm). The non-contact EMAT system has the potential to operate at higher line speed, improving network inspection coverage. The current system detects signals and performs an FFT in less than 1 ins, and changes in the detected signal amplitude and frequency content are used to characterise defects. A new set of simulated defects on sections of rail have been produced, including half-face slots machined normal to the railhead surface, clusters of angled slots, and pocket defects more typical of real defects. The smallest pocket defects are difficult to detect, with changes in signal amplitude and cut-off failing close to the noise level. However, at chosen higher frequencies a drop in FFT magnitude indicates the presence of a defect, and this indicator can be logically combined with amplitude and cut-off measurements to provide a more reliable result. Preparation for testing on a rotating rail rig at high speeds is ongoing.
| Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||
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| Subjects: | Q Science > QC Physics T Technology > TF Railroad engineering and operation |
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| Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Engineering > Engineering Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Physics |
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| Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Electromagnets, Rayleigh waves, Nondestructive testing, Railroad rails -- Defects, Ultrasonics | ||||
| Journal or Publication Title: | AIP Conference Proceedings | ||||
| Publisher: | American Institute of Physics | ||||
| ISBN: | 978-0-7354-0494-6 | ||||
| ISSN: | 0094-243X | ||||
| Editor: | Thompson, DO and Chimenti, DE | ||||
| Official Date: | 28 February 2008 | ||||
| Dates: |
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| Volume: | Vol.975 | ||||
| Number: | No.1 | ||||
| Number of Pages: | 8 | ||||
| Page Range: | pp. 602-609 | ||||
| DOI: | 10.1063/1.2902716 | ||||
| Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||
| Publication Status: | Published | ||||
| Access rights to Published version: | Restricted or Subscription Access | ||||
| Description: | Conference proceedings of 34th Annual Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation, Golden, CO, |
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| Version or Related Resource: | Edwards, R. S. , Holmes, C., Fan, Y., Papaelias, M., Dixon, S. et al. (2008). Ultrasonic detection of surface-breaking railhead defects. Insight, 50(7), pp. 369-373. | ||||
| Conference Paper Type: | Paper | ||||
| Type of Event: | Conference | ||||
| Related URLs: |
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