Brock, Jon, Brown, G. D. A. (Gordon D. A.) and Boucher, Jill. (2006) Free recall in Williams syndrome : is there a dissociation between short- and long-term memory? Cortex, Vol.42 (No.3). pp. 366-375. ISSN 0010-9452

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Abstract

Two experiments used the free recall paradigm to investigate verbal memory abilities in Williams syndrome (WS) - a rare genetic disorder. In an earlier free recall study, Vicari et al. (1996a) reported that, unlike TD controls, children with WS showed a recency effect but failed to show a primacy effect. These authors interpreted their findings as evidence for a dissociation between relatively strong verbal short-term memory and relatively impaired verbal long-term memory. In Experiment I of the current study, children with WS and TD controls showed comparable improvements in performance with repeated testing of the same material, indicating similar long-term learning of the test items. Neither group showed evidence of primacy effects. However, the extent of primacy effects in free recall is known to depend on the rehearsal strategy that participants adopt. In Experiment 2, therefore, participants were encouraged to engage in overt cumulative rehearsal. This manipulation resulted in significant and comparable primacy effects in both groups, although neither group demonstrated a significant change in overall performance. There was therefore no evidence from either experiment for a dissociation between short- and long-term verbal memory in WS.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Subjects:	B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion > BF Psychology R Medicine > RC Internal medicine > RC0321 Neuroscience. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry R Medicine > RJ Pediatrics
Divisions:	Faculty of Science > Psychology
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH):	Williams syndrome, Recollection (Psychology), Short-term memory, Long-term memory, Language acquisition, Cognition disorders in children
Journal or Publication Title:	Cortex
Publisher:	Elsevier Masson
ISSN:	0010-9452
Official Date:	April 2006
Volume:	Vol.42
Number:	No.3
Number of Pages:	10
Page Range:	pp. 366-375
Identification Number:	10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70363-0
Status:	Peer Reviewed
Publication Status:	Published
Funder:	Williams Syndrome Foundation (WSF), Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (Great Britain) (BBSRC), Economic and Social Research Council (Great Britain) (ESRC)
Grant number:	88/S15050 (BBSRC), R000239002 (ESRC), R000239351 (ESRC)
URI:	http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/id/eprint/33479

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