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Free recall in Williams syndrome : is there a dissociation between short- and long-term memory?
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Brock, Jon, Brown, G. D. A. (Gordon D. A.) and Boucher, Jill (2006) Free recall in Williams syndrome : is there a dissociation between short- and long-term memory? Cortex, Vol.42 (No.3). pp. 366-375. doi:10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70363-0 ISSN 0010-9452.
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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70363-0
Abstract
Two experiments used the free recall paradigm to investigate verbal memory abilities in Williams syndrome (WS) - a rare genetic disorder. In an earlier free recall study, Vicari et al. (1996a) reported that, unlike TD controls, children with WS showed a recency effect but failed to show a primacy effect. These authors interpreted their findings as evidence for a dissociation between relatively strong verbal short-term memory and relatively impaired verbal long-term memory. In Experiment I of the current study, children with WS and TD controls showed comparable improvements in performance with repeated testing of the same material, indicating similar long-term learning of the test items. Neither group showed evidence of primacy effects. However, the extent of primacy effects in free recall is known to depend on the rehearsal strategy that participants adopt. In Experiment 2, therefore, participants were encouraged to engage in overt cumulative rehearsal. This manipulation resulted in significant and comparable primacy effects in both groups, although neither group demonstrated a significant change in overall performance. There was therefore no evidence from either experiment for a dissociation between short- and long-term verbal memory in WS.
| Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||
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| Subjects: | B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion > BF Psychology R Medicine > RC Internal medicine > RC0321 Neuroscience. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry R Medicine > RJ Pediatrics |
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| Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Psychology | ||||
| Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Williams syndrome, Recollection (Psychology), Short-term memory, Long-term memory, Language acquisition, Cognition disorders in children | ||||
| Journal or Publication Title: | Cortex | ||||
| Publisher: | Elsevier Masson | ||||
| ISSN: | 0010-9452 | ||||
| Official Date: | April 2006 | ||||
| Dates: |
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| Volume: | Vol.42 | ||||
| Number: | No.3 | ||||
| Number of Pages: | 10 | ||||
| Page Range: | pp. 366-375 | ||||
| DOI: | 10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70363-0 | ||||
| Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||
| Publication Status: | Published | ||||
| Funder: | Williams Syndrome Foundation (WSF), Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (Great Britain) (BBSRC), Economic and Social Research Council (Great Britain) (ESRC) | ||||
| Grant number: | 88/S15050 (BBSRC), R000239002 (ESRC), R000239351 (ESRC) |
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