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Visual search for transparency and opacity: attentional guidance by cue combination?

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Wolfe, J. M., Birnkrant, R. S., Kunar, Melina A. and Horowitz, T. S.. (2005) Visual search for transparency and opacity: attentional guidance by cue combination? Journal of Vision, Vol.5 (No.3). pp. 257-274. ISSN 1534-7362

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Abstract

A series of seven experiments explored search for opaque targets among transparent distractors or vice versa. Static stimuli produced very inefficient search. With moving items, search for an opaque target among transparent distractors was quite efficient while search for transparent targets was less efficient (Experiment 1). Transparent and opaque items differed from each other on the basis of motion cues, luminance cues, and figural cues (e.g., junction type). Motion cues were not sufficient to support efficient search (Experiments 2–5). Violations of the luminance rules of transparency disrupt search (Experiments 3 and 4). Experiment 5 shows that search becomes inefficient if X-junctions are removed. Experiments 6 and 7 show that efficient search survives if X-junctions are occluded. It appears that guidance of attention to an opaque target is guidance based on “cue combination” (M. S. Landy, L. T. Maloney, E. B. Johnston, & M. Young, 1995). Several cues must be present to produce a difference between opaque and transparent surfaces that is adequate to guide attention.

Item Type: Journal Article
Subjects: B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion > BF Psychology
Divisions: Faculty of Science > Psychology
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): Visual perception, Transparency, Opacity (Optics)
Journal or Publication Title: Journal of Vision
Publisher: Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology
ISSN: 1534-7362
Official Date: 2005
Volume: Vol.5
Number: No.3
Page Range: pp. 257-274
Identification Number: 10.1167/5.3.9
Status: Peer Reviewed
Funder: National Eye Institute
Grant number: EY05087 (JMW)
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URI: http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/id/eprint/35707

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