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Effects of alcohol and practice on choice reaction time.
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Maylor, Elizabeth A. and Rabbitt, Patrick. (1987) Effects of alcohol and practice on choice reaction time. Perception & psychophysics, Vol.42 (No.5). pp. 465-475. ISSN 0031-5117
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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/BF03209754
Abstract
Forty subjects participated in a four-choice reaction time experiment in which they received alcohol (1 ml/kg body weight) in one session and no alcohol in another on consecutive days (the order being counterbalanced). Fifty practice trials and then 2,000 experimental trials were given in each session. Subjects were slower, more variable, and less accurate overall with alcohol than without. They were also slower and more variable in the first than in the second session. By combining the data across subjects to produce speed-error tradeoff functions, it appears that practice has little effect whereas alcohol has a substantial effect; responses made within 600 msec of stimulus presentation are more likely to be erroneous with alcohol than without. In addition, the number of consecutive errors was increased by alcohol. The results are interpreted within a model in which it is suggested that the primary effect of alcohol upon performance in speeded tasks is to decrease the rate of accumulation of evidence.
| Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Subjects: | B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion > BF Psychology | ||||
| Divisions: | Faculty of Science > Psychology | ||||
| Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Alcohol -- Psychological aspects, Reaction time -- Effect of drugs on , Human information processing -- Effect of drugs on , Attention, Distraction (Psychology) | ||||
| Journal or Publication Title: | Perception & psychophysics | ||||
| Publisher: | Springer New York LLC | ||||
| ISSN: | 0031-5117 | ||||
| Official Date: | September 1987 | ||||
| Dates: |
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| Volume: | Vol.42 | ||||
| Number: | No.5 | ||||
| Page Range: | pp. 465-475 | ||||
| Identification Number: | 10.3758/BF03209754 | ||||
| Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||
| Funder: | Medical Research Council (Great Britain) (MRC) | ||||
| Grant number: | G8221479 (MRC) | ||||
| References: | # Broadbent, D. E. (1971).Decision and stress. London: Academic Press # Drew, G. C., Colquhoun, W. P., &Long, H. A. (1959).Effects of small doses of alcohol on a skill resembling driving (MRC Memorandum No. 38). London: Her Majesty’s Stationery Office. # Huntley, M. S. (1973). Alcohol influences upon closed-course driving performance.Journal of Safety Research,5, 149–164. # Jennings, J. R., Wood, C. C., &Lawrence, B. E. (1976). Effects of graded doses of alcohol on speed-accuracy tradeoff in choice reaction time.Perception & Psychophysics,19, 85–91 # Laming, D. (in press). Some boundary conditions of choice-reaction performance. In A. F. Sanders (Ed.),Proceedings of Aachen Symposium on Choice Reaction Time and Stress. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum. # Maylor, E. A., &Rabbitt, P. M. A. (1987). Effect of alcohol on rate of forgetting.Psychopharmacology,91, 230–235 # Rabbitt, P. M. A. (1966). Errors and error correction in choice response tasksJournal of Experimental Psychology,71, 264–272 # Rabbitt, P. M. A. (1979). Current paradigms and models in human information processing. In V. H. Hamilton & D. M. Warburton (Eds.),Human stress and cognition: An information processing approach. New York. Wile # Tharp, Van K., Jr.,Rundell, O. H., Lester, B. K., &Williams, H. L. (1974). Alcohol and information processing.Psychopharmacologia (Berlin),40, 33–52. # Wilkinson, R. T., &Colquhoun, W. P. (1968). Interaction of alcohol with incentive and with sleep deprivation.Journal of Experimental Psychology,76, 623–629. |
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| URI: | http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/id/eprint/35787 |
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