Maylor, Elizabeth A.. (1997) Proper name retrieval in old age: converging evidence against disproportionate impairment. Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition, Vol.4 (No.3). pp. 211-226. ISSN 1382-5585

Full text not available from this repository.

Abstract

In this article, the task of separating specific from general effects of normal aging on cognition is illustrated by considering the retrieval of proper names as a possible case of exceptional or disproportionate age-related impairment. First, existing evidence both for and against disproportionate impairment is reviewed from several sources, including self-rated questionnaires, diary and laboratory studies of memory failures, and the speeded naming of objects versus people. Some new regression analyses of naming responses are then presented; they demonstrate that the effect of age on proper name retrieval can be removed by taking into account the effect of age on other processes not involving proper name retrieval. Finally, data from face and voice identification tasks are analyzed in terms of conditional probabilities which reveal that the effect of age on the final stage of name retrieval is no greater than the effect of age on the earlier stages of recognition and semantic information retrieval. the findings from these different methods converge on the conclusion that proper name retrieval is not disproportionately impaired by normal aging. Some possible explanations for older people's persistent complaints of poor memory for names are discussed.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Subjects:	B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion > BF Psychology
Divisions:	Faculty of Science > Psychology
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH):	Cognition in old age , Human information processing -- Age factors , Memory in old age , Recollection (Psychology), Face perception
Journal or Publication Title:	Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition
Publisher:	Psychology Press
ISSN:	1382-5585
Date:	1997
Volume:	Vol.4
Number:	No.3
Page Range:	pp. 211-226
Identification Number:	10.1080/13825589708256648
Status:	Peer Reviewed
References:	# 1. Brennen, T. 1993. the difficulty with recalling people's names: the plausible phonology hypothesis. Memory, 7: 409–431. # 2. Broadbent, D. E., Cooper, P. J., Fitzgerald, P. F. and Parkes, K. R. 1982. the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (CFQ) and its correlates. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 21: 1–16. # 3. Brown, A. S. 1991. the tip of the tongue experience: A review and evaluation. Psychological Bulletin, 109: 204–223. # 4. Bruce, V. and Young, A. W. 1986. Understanding face recognition. British Journal of Psychology, 77: 305–327. # 5. Burke, D. M., Mackay, D. G., Worthley, J. S. and Wade, E. 1991. On the tip of the tongue: What causes word finding failures in young and older adults?. Journal of Memory and Language, 30: 542–579. # 6. Cattell, R. B. and Cattell, A. K. S. 1960. Handbook for the Individual or Group Culture Fair Intelligence Test, Champaign, IL: Institute for Personality and Ability Testing. # 7. Cerella, J. 1985. Information processing rates in the elderly. Psychological Bulletin, 98: 67–83. # 8. Cohen, G. and Burke, D. M. 1993. Memory for proper names: A review. Memory, 1: 249–263. # 9. Cohen, G. and Faulkner, D. 1984. Meory in old age: “good in parts.”. New Scientist, : 49–51. 11 October # 10. Cohen, G. and Faulkner, D. 1986. Memory for proper names: Age differences in retrieval. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 4: 187–197. # 11. Donaldson, W. 1992. Measuring recognition memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 121: 275–277. # 12. Hanley, J. R., Smith, S. T. and Hadfield, J. 1996. Do face recognition units or person identity nodes signal that a face is familiar? Manuscript submitted for publication # 13. Hay, D. C., Young, A. W. and Ellis, A. W. 1991. Routes through the face recognition system. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 43A: 761–791. C # 14. Kliegl, R., Mayr, U. and Krampe, R. T. 1994. Time-accuracy functions for determining process and person differences: an application to cognitive aging. Cognitive Psychology, 26: 134–164. # 15. Lindenberger, U., Mayr, U. and Kliegl, R. 1993. Speed and intelligence in old age. Psychology and Aging, 8: 207–220. # 16. Matthews, G., Coyle, K. and Craig, A. 1990. Multiple factors of cognitive failure and their relationship with stress vulnerability. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioural Assessment, 12: 49–65. # 17. Maylor, E. A. 1990. Recognizing and naming faces: Aging, memory retrieval, and the tip of the tongue state. Journal of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences, 45: P215–226. # 18. Maylor, E. A. 1993. Aging and forgetting in prospective and retrospective memory tasks. Psychology and Aging, 8: 420–428. # 19. Maylor, E. A. 1995. Effects of aging on the retrieval of common and proper names. Facts and Research in Gerontology, Supplement, : 55–73. # 20. Maylor, E. A. 1996. Age-related impairment in an event-based prospective-memory task. Psychology and Aging, 11: 74–78. # 21. Maylor, E. A. and Rabbitt, P. M. A. 1994. Applying Brinley plots to individuals: Effects of aging on performance distributions in two speeded tasks. Psychology and Aging, 9: 224–230. # 22. Maylor, E. A. and Valentine, T. 1992. Linear and nonlinear effects of aging on categorizing and naming faces. Psychology and Aging, 7: 317–323. # 23. Mayr, U., Kliegl, R. and Krampe, R. T. 1996. Sequential and coordinative processing dynamics in figural transformations across the life span. Cognition, 59: 61–90. # 24. Mitchell, D. B. 1995. “Semantic processes in implicit memory: Aging and meaning”. In Age differences in word and language processing, Edited by: Allen, P. A. and Bashore, T. R. 110–142. North-Holland, , Amsterdam: Elsevier. # 25. Rabbitt, P. 1993. Does it all go together when it goes? the nineteenth Bartlett memorial lecture. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 46A: 385–434. # 26. Rabbitt, P., Maylor, E., McInnes, L., Bent, N. and Moore, B. 1995. What goods can self-assessment questionnaires deliver for cognitive gerontology?. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 9: S127–S152. # 27. Salthouse, T. A. 1991. Theoretical Perspectives on Cognitive Aging, Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. # 28. Salthouse, T. A. 1992. Mechanisms of Age-Cognition Relations in Adulthood, Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. # 29. Salthouse, T. A. 1996. the processing-speed theory of adult age differences in cognition. Psychological Review, 103: 403–428. # 30. Savage, R. D. 1984. Alphabet Coding Task-15., Perth, Western Australia: Murdoch University. Unpublished manuscript # 31. Spencer, W. D. and Raz, N. 1995. Differential effects of aging on memory for content and context: A meta-analysis. Psychology and Aging, 10: 527–539. # 32. Valentine, T., BrÉDart, S., Lawson, R. and Ward, G. 1991. What's in a name? Access to information from people's names. European Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 3: 147–176. # 33. Valentine, T., Brennen, T. and BreDart, S. 1996. The cognitive psychology of proper names, London: Routledge. # 34. Verhaeghen, P. and Marcoen, A. 1993. Memory aging as a general phenomenon: Episodic recall of older adults is a function of episodic recall of young adults. Psychology and Aging, 8: 380–388. # 35. Wechsler, D. 1981. Manual for the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale - Revised, New York: Psychological Corporation.
URI:	http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/id/eprint/35827

Request changes to a record

Actions (login required)

View Item