The Library
Seroprevalence, predictors and estimated incidence of maternal and neonatal Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 infection in semi-urban women in Kilifi, Kenya
Tools
Nyiro, Joyce U., Sanders, Eduard J., Ngetsa, Caroline, Wale, Steve, Awuondo, Ken, Bukusi, Elizabeth Anne, Price, Matthew A., Amornkul, Pauli N. and Nokes, D. James (2011) Seroprevalence, predictors and estimated incidence of maternal and neonatal Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 infection in semi-urban women in Kilifi, Kenya. BMC Infectious Diseases, Vol.11 (No.155). doi:10.1186/1471-2334-11-155 ISSN 1471-2334.
|
PDF
WRAP_Nokes_1471-2334-11-155.pdf - Published Version - Requires a PDF viewer. Download (302Kb) |
Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2334-11-155
Abstract
Background: Herpes Simplex Virus type 2 (HSV-2) has public health importance as a leading cause of genital
ulcers, a co-factor in HIV-1 acquisition and transmission and as a cause of neonatal herpes infections. Little is
known of its epidemiology and burden in Coastal Kenya.
Methods: We screened plasma samples for HSV-2 infection from 826 women aged 15-34 years who participated in
an HIV-1 survey in Kilifi in 2004. The sample comprised 563 women selected randomly from a demographic
surveillance system (DSS) and 263 women who presented for voluntary counseling and testing (VCT). Predictors for
HSV-2 seropositivity were determined using multivariate logistic regression. The incidence of HSV-2 infection and
risk of neonatal herpes were estimated by a simple catalytic model fitted to age-seroprevalence data.
Results: HSV-2 prevalence was 32% in the DSS recruits vs. 44% in the VCT recruits (P < 0.001), while, HIV-1
prevalence was 8% in the DSS recruits vs. 12% in the VCT recruits (P = 0.12). Independent risk factors for HSV-2
infection in all women were: older age (30-34 years; odds ratio (OR) 10.5, 95% confidence interval (CI): 5.2 - 21.0),
recruitment from VCT (OR 1.5, 95% CI: 1.1 - 2.1), history of genital ulcers (OR 1.7, 95% CI: 1.2 - 2.3) and HIV infection
(OR 2.7, 95% CI: 1.6-4.6). Education beyond primary (OR 0.7, 95% CI: 0.5 - 0.9) was inversely associated with HSV-2
infection. In the DSS sample, HSV-2 incidence was estimated at 4 cases (95% CI: 3.3 - 4.4) per 100 women per year,
17 cases (95% CI: 16-18) per 1,000 pregnancies per year and 33 neonatal cases (95% CI: 31-36) per 100,000 births
per year.
Conclusions: HSV-2 transmission is rapid following the onset of sexual activity and likely to result in a significant
burden of genital ulcer disease. Nevertheless, the burden of neonatal HSV-2 can be predicted to be low. Educating
young women about HSV-2 infection may help in reducing its burden in this semi-urban population.
Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Subjects: | R Medicine > RC Internal medicine | ||||
Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Life Sciences (2010- ) | ||||
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Herpes simplex -- Kenya -- Kilifi, Mothers -- Health and hygiene -- Kenya -- Kilifi, Newborn infants -- Health and hygiene -- Kenya -- Kilifi | ||||
Journal or Publication Title: | BMC Infectious Diseases | ||||
Publisher: | BioMed Central Ltd. | ||||
ISSN: | 1471-2334 | ||||
Official Date: | 31 May 2011 | ||||
Dates: |
|
||||
Volume: | Vol.11 | ||||
Number: | No.155 | ||||
DOI: | 10.1186/1471-2334-11-155 | ||||
Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||
Access rights to Published version: | Open Access (Creative Commons) | ||||
Date of first compliant deposit: | 16 December 2015 | ||||
Date of first compliant Open Access: | 16 December 2015 | ||||
Funder: | United States. Agency for International Development (USAID), Kenya Medical Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco | ||||
Grant number: | 5 D43 TW007388 (KEMRI-UCSF) |
Data sourced from Thomson Reuters' Web of Knowledge
Request changes or add full text files to a record
Repository staff actions (login required)
View Item |
Downloads
Downloads per month over past year