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Environmental support promotes expertise-based mitigation of age differences on pilot communication tasks
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Morrow, Daniel G., Ridolfo, Heather E., Menard, William E., Sanborn, Adam N., Stine-Morrow, Elizabeth A. L., Magnor, Cliff, Herman, Larry, Teller, Thomas and Bryant, David (2003) Environmental support promotes expertise-based mitigation of age differences on pilot communication tasks. Psychology and Aging, Vol.18 (No.2). pp. 268-284. doi:10.1037/0882-7974.18.2.268
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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0882-7974.18.2.268
Abstract
The authors investigated whether expertise is more likely to mitigate age declines when experts rely on environmental support in a pilot/Air Traffic Control (ATC) communication task. Pilots and nonpilots listened to ATC messages that described a route through an airspace, while they referred to a chart of the airspace. They read back (repeated) each message and then answered a probe question about the route. In a preliminary study, participants could take notes while listening to the messages and performing the read-back and probe tasks. In Experiment 1, opportunity to take notes was manipulated. Note taking determined when expertise mitigated age differences on the read-back task. With note taking, read-back accuracy declined with age for nonpilots but not for pilots. Without note taking, similar age-related declines occurred for pilots and nonpilots. Benefits of expertise, younger age, and note taking occurred for probe accuracy, but mitigation did not occur. The findings suggest that older adults take advantage of a domain-relevant form of environmental support (note taking) to maintain performance on some complex tasks despite typical age-related declines in cognitive ability.
| Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Subjects: | B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion > BF Psychology | ||||
| Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Psychology | ||||
| Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Air traffic control, Air pilots, Note-taking, Cognition -- Age factors, Aging -- Psychological aspects, Human information processing -- Age factors, Communication -- Testing, Cognition -- Environmental aspects | ||||
| Journal or Publication Title: | Psychology and Aging | ||||
| Publisher: | American Psychological Association | ||||
| ISSN: | 0882-7974 | ||||
| Official Date: | 2003 | ||||
| Dates: |
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| Volume: | Vol.18 | ||||
| Number: | No.2 | ||||
| Page Range: | pp. 268-284 | ||||
| DOI: | 10.1037/0882-7974.18.2.268 | ||||
| Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||
| Funder: | National Institute on Aging (NIA) | ||||
| Grant number: | R01 AG13936 (NIA) |
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