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Recovering low molecular weight extractives from degraded straw by oyster mushroom at the farm scale for high value use

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Koncsag, Claudia I., Eastwood, Daniel C. and Kirwan, Kerry. (2011) Recovering low molecular weight extractives from degraded straw by oyster mushroom at the farm scale for high value use. Biomass & Bioenergy, Vol.35 (No.7). pp. 3276-3279. ISSN 1873-2909

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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2011.04.051

Abstract

The cultivation of mushrooms on wheat straw can be considered a solid state fermentation, yet following harvest the residual, partially degraded straw is discarded. During cultivation, the degradation of lignocellulose in the straw takes place by the fungus under the action of enzymes releasing degradation products with small molecular weight, some of which are potentially valuable. These compounds may be extracted from straw after mushroom cultivation in two stages: an aqueous extraction followed by a solvent extraction. The present work is focused on the first stage of the process. The aqueous extraction releases water soluble compounds, such as sugars and phenolics with lower molecular weight, which are easily obtained. The partially degraded straw may then be treated with organic solvents to release water insoluble lignin breakdown products, such as fatty acids, phenolics and other aromatics. It is important to conduct scale-up experiments at a scale that would reflect the amount of waste straw generated by a mushroom farm. A study was performed using a vessel of 300 L capacity with mixing impeller, by observing the influence of the temperature (20oC, 25oC, 40oC, 60oC and 80oC) and water-to-dry straw ratio (from 40:1 to 90:1) on the total extracted matter and especially on sugar and phenolic compounds yields. A microbial study of the aqueous extract was also performed at 20oC and 25oC to explain the high concentration of organic carbon in the extract under certain circumstances. The optimum extraction conditions were determined by taking into account the yield and the energy consumption of the process. The conclusion was that the extraction temperature can be conducted between 20oC and 25oC with good results for obtaining liquor which can be used in a biogas installation. The extraction should be conducted at 80oC to obtain greater yields of sugars and phenolics.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Subjects:	S Agriculture > SB Plant culture T Technology > TP Chemical technology T Technology > TS Manufactures
Divisions:	Faculty of Science > Life Sciences (2010- ) Faculty of Science > Life Sciences (2010- ) > Warwick HRI (2004-2010) Faculty of Science > WMG (Formerly the Warwick Manufacturing Group)
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH):	Pleurotus ostreatus, Extraction (Chemistry), Straw -- Biodegradation
Journal or Publication Title:	Biomass & Bioenergy
Publisher:	Pergamon
ISSN:	1873-2909
Date:	July 2011
Volume:	Vol.35
Number:	No.7
Number of Pages:	4
Page Range:	pp. 3276-3279
Identification Number:	10.1016/j.biombioe.2011.04.051
Status:	Peer Reviewed
Publication Status:	Published
Access rights to Published version:	Restricted or Subscription Access
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URI:	http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/id/eprint/36670