Liu, X., Yue, Zhaoyang, Cai, Z., Chetwynd, D. G. (Derek G.), 1948- and Smith, S. T. (Stuart T.), 1961-. (2008) Quantifying touch-feel perception : tribological aspects. Measurement Science and Technology, Vol.19 (No.8). Article: 084007. ISSN 0957-0233

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Abstract

We report a new investigation into how surface topography and friction affect human touch–feel perception. In contrast with previous work based on micro-scale mapping of surface mechanical and tribological properties, this investigation focuses on the direct measurement of the friction generated when a fingertip is stroked on a test specimen. A special friction apparatus was built for the in situ testing, based on a linear flexure mechanism with both contact force and frictional force measured simultaneously. Ten specimens, already independently assessed in a 'perception clinic', with materials including natural wood, leather, engineered plastics and metal were tested and the results compared with the perceived rankings. Because surface geometrical features are suspected to play a significant role in perception, a second set of samples, all of one material, were prepared and tested in order to minimize the influence of properties such as hardness and thermal conductivity. To minimize subjective effects, all specimens were also tested in a roller-on-block configuration based upon the same friction apparatus, with the roller materials being steel, brass and rubber. This paper reports the detailed design and instrumentation of the friction apparatus, the experimental set-up and the friction test results. Attempts have been made to correlate the measured properties and the perceived feelings for both roughness and friction. The results show that the measured roughness and friction coefficient both have a strong correlation with the rough–smooth and grippy–slippery feelings.

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Item Type:	Journal Article
Subjects:	B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion > BF Psychology T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery
Divisions:	Faculty of Science > Engineering
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH):	Perception, Friction, Touch, Tribology, Metrology, Materials science
Journal or Publication Title:	Measurement Science and Technology
Publisher:	Institute of Physics Publishing Ltd.
ISSN:	0957-0233
Date:	August 2008
Volume:	Vol.19
Number:	No.8
Number of Pages:	9
Page Range:	Article: 084007
Identification Number:	10.1088/0957-0233/19/8/084007
Status:	Peer Reviewed
Publication Status:	Published
Access rights to Published version:	Restricted or Subscription Access
Version or Related Resource:	This item was also presented at the 8th International Symposium on Measurement Technology and Intelligent Instruments, Tohoku Univ, Sendai, Japan, Sep 24 - 27, 2007.
References:	[1] Krueger L. E. in Foulke W. Schiff, E. (Eds.) 1982: Tactual Perception: A Sourcebook, CUP, Cambridge. [2] Nagamachi M. 1995: Kensei engineering – a new ergonomic consumer-orientated technology for product development, Int. J. Indus. Ergonomics, 15 (1) 3-11. [3] Nagamachi M. 2002: Kansei engineering as a powerful consumer-oriented technology for product development, Applied Ergonomics, 33 289-294. [4] Kenji Kawazu, Mika Kai, Kelji Koike, Makoto Imada and Kazumi Yasuda 2000: Study of favourable paint-quantifying the sense of touch for painted panels: SAE 2000 World Congress, Detroit, Michigan, March 6-9, 2000-01-1362. [5] Barns C. J., Childs T. H. C., Henson B. and Southee C. H. 2004: Surface finish and touch- a case study in a new human factors tribology, Wear, 257 740-750. [6] Liu X and Gao F 2004: A novel multi-function tribological probe microscope for mapping surface properties. Meas. Sci. Techn 15 91-102. [7] Liu X., Bell T., Chetwynd D. G. and Li X. Y. 2003: Characterisation of engineered surfaces by a novel four-in-one tribological probe microscope, Wear 255 385-394. [8] Liu X. and Piotter V. 2007: Mapping micro-mechanical properties of carbon filled polymer composites by TPM, Precision Engineering, 31 (2) 2-168. [9] Liu X., Chan M. K., Hennessey B., Rübenach T. and Güray A. 2005: Quantifying touch-feel perception on automotive interiors by a multi-function tribological probe microscope, Journal of Physics: Conference Series 13 357-361. [10] Hennessey B. 2006: The subjective tactile perception of passenger vehicle interior surfaces and their objective physical measurement, MSc Dissertation, Surrey University. [11] Cai Z. and Liu X., Thermal property measurement: a new feature on the multi-functional tribological probe microscope, to be presented at 8th International conference and 10th Annual Meeting of EUSPEN (Europe Society for Precision Engineering and Nanotechnology), Kongresshaus Zurich, 18th-22nd May, 2008. [12] Sivamani Raja K., Goodman Jack, Gitis Norm V. and Maibach Howard I. 2003: Coefficient of friction: tribological studies in man  an overview, Skin Res. Technol. 9 227-234. [13] Gee M. G., Tomlins P., Calver A., Darling R. H. and Rides M. 2005: A new friction measurement system for the frictional component of touch, Wear 259 1437-1442. [14] Childs T. H. C. and Benson B. 2007: Human tactile perception of screen-painted surfaces: self-report and contact mechanics experiments, Proc. I. Mech. E. Part J: J. Engineering Tribology, 221 (3) 427-441. [15] Dowson D. in Wilhelm K.-P. (ed.) 1997: Bioengineering of the Skin, Vol. 3, CRC Press, London, Ch 2.
URI:	http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/id/eprint/37234

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