Noble, Ralph, Dobrovin-Pennington, Andreja, Pietravalle, Stephane, Weekes, Rebecca and Henry, C. M. (Christine M.). (2011) Indicator organisms for assessing sanitization during composting of plant wastes. Waste Management, Vol.31 (No.8). pp. 1711-1719. ISSN 0956-053X

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Abstract

The potential for using plant pathogens and seeds as indicator organisms for assessing sanitization of plant wastes during composting was tested in bench-scale flask and large-scale systems. Plasmodiophora brassicae was unsuitable due to high temperature tolerance in dry to moist composts, and detection of viable inoculum post-composting using bioassay plants not corresponding with that using TaqMan (R) PCR, possibly due to preservation of nucleic acids at elevated temperatures. Several other plant pathogens (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Microdochium nivale, Phytophthora cinnamomi and Phytophthora nicotianae) were unsuitable due their low temperature tolerance. Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cepae and f.sp. radicis-lycopersici chlamydospores and tomato seeds were suitable indicators due to their moderate temperature tolerance and ease of viability testing post-composting. Abutilon seeds were more tolerant than tomato seeds of compost temperatures >= 52 degrees C but more prone to degradation at lower temperatures and therefore less suitable as indicators. Relationships between compost temperature during exposures of 2-10 days and subsequent viability of the above chlamydospores or seeds enabled the sanitizing effect of composting processes to be predicted within 2-6 days. Plant waste type (woody or vegetable) had a small but significant effect on the relationship for tomato seeds but not for F. oxysporum chlamydospores.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Subjects:	Q Science > QH Natural history > QH301 Biology S Agriculture > SB Plant culture T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering
Divisions:	Faculty of Science > Life Sciences (2010- )
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH):	Phytopathogenic microorganisms, Plant indicators, Plant litter -- Biodegradation, Compost, Plants as sanitary agents, Sanitation
Journal or Publication Title:	Waste Management
Publisher:	Pergamon
ISSN:	0956-053X
Date:	August 2011
Volume:	Vol.31
Number:	No.8
Page Range:	pp. 1711-1719
Identification Number:	10.1016/j.wasman.2011.04.007
Status:	Peer Reviewed
Publication Status:	Published
Funder:	Great Britain. Dept. for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs (DEFRA)
Grant number:	PH0402 (DEFRA)
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URI:	http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/id/eprint/38769

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