Rudovich, N. N., Nikiforova, V. J., Otto, B., Pivovarova, O., Gogebakan, O., Erban, A., Mohlig, M., Weickert, M. O., Spranger, J., Tschop, M. H., Willmitzer, L., Nauck, M. and Pfeiffer, A. F. H.. (2011) Metabolomic linkage reveals functional interaction between glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and ghrelin in humans. AJP: Endocrinology and Metabolism, Vol.301 (No.4). E608-E617. ISSN 0193-1849

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Abstract

Rudovich NN, Nikiforova VJ, Otto B, Pivovarova O, Gogebakan, Erban A, Mohlig M, Weickert MO, Spranger J, Tschop MH, Willmitzer L, Nauck M, Pfeiffer AF. Metabolomic linkage reveals functional interaction between glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and ghrelin in humans. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 301: E608-E617, 2011. First published May 17, 2011; doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00154.2011.-The gastric peptide ghrelin promotes energy storage, appetite, and food intake. Nutrient intake strongly suppresses circulating ghrelin via molecular mechanisms possibly involving insulin and gastrointestinal hormones. On the basis of the growing evidence that glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) is involved in the control of fuel metabolism, we hypothesized that GIP and/or insulin, directly or via changes in plasma metabolites, might affect circulating ghrelin. Fourteen obese subjects were infused with GIP (2.0 pmol center dot kg(-1) center dot min(-1)) or placebo in the fasting state during either euglycemic hyperinsulinemic (EC) or hyperglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamps (HC). Apart from analysis of plasma ghrelin and insulin levels, GC-TOF/MS analysis was applied to create a hormone-metabolite network for each experiment. The GIP and insulin effects on circulating ghrelin were analyzed within the framework of those networks. In the HC, ghrelin levels decreased in the absence (19.2% vs. baseline, P = 0.028) as well as in the presence of GIP (33.8%, P = 0.018). Ghrelin levels were significantly lower during HC with GIP than with placebo, despite insulin levels not differing significantly. In the GIP network combining data on GIP-infusion, EC+GIP and IIC+GIP experiments, ghrelin was integrated into hormone-metabolite networks through a connection to a group of long-chain fatty acids. In contrast, ghrelin was excluded from the network of experiments without GIP. GIP decreased circulating ghrelin and might have affected the ghrelin system via modification of long-chain fatty acid pools. These observations were independent of insulin and offer potential mechanistic underpinnings for the involvement of GIP in systemic control of energy metabolism.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Subjects:	R Medicine > R Medicine (General)
Divisions:	Faculty of Medicine > Warwick Medical School > Clinical Sciences Research Institute (CSRI) Faculty of Medicine > Warwick Medical School
Journal or Publication Title:	AJP: Endocrinology and Metabolism
Publisher:	American Physiological Society
ISSN:	0193-1849
Date:	2011
Volume:	Vol.301
Number:	No.4
Number of Pages:	10
Page Range:	E608-E617
Identification Number:	10.1152/ajpendo.00154.2011
Status:	Peer Reviewed
Publication Status:	Published
Access rights to Published version:	Restricted or Subscription Access
Funder:	German Federal Ministry of Education and Research , German Science Foundation (DFG)
Grant number:	0313042C, 164/021002 (DFG)
URI:	http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/id/eprint/39258

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