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Epidemiology, histopathology and aetiology of olive anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum acutatum and C. gloeosporioides in Portugal
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Talhinhas, Pedro, Mota-Capitão, C., Martins, S., Ramos, A. P., Neves-Martins, J. M. Neves (João M. Neves), Guerra-Guimarães, L., Várzea, V., Silva, Maria do Céu, Sreenivasaprasad, S. and Oliveira, Helena (2010) Epidemiology, histopathology and aetiology of olive anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum acutatum and C. gloeosporioides in Portugal. Plant Pathology, Volume 60 (Number 3). pp. 483-495. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3059.2010.02397.x ISSN 0032-0862.
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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.2010.02397.x
Abstract
Anthracnose is an important disease affecting mature olive fruits, causing significant yield losses, and poor fruit and oil quality. In Portugal, high anthracnose incidence was recorded during 2003-2007 with 41% of 908 orchards surveyed displaying disease symptoms. In another 14% of the orchards, the pathogen was recorded in symptomless plants. Disease severity was on average 36%, frequently reaching 100%. In Portugal, anthracnose is endemic to neglected orchards of susceptible cultivars, but under favourable conditions it can also severely affect less susceptible cultivars. Pathogens were genetically heterogeneous, with Colletotrichum acutatum genetic group A2 as the most frequent (80%), followed by group A4 (12%) and group A5 along with C. gloeosporioides (3-4%), while groups A3 and A6 of C. acutatum were sporadic. Important geographic variations were observed in the frequencies of these populations, accompanied by year-to-year populational shifts. Epidemiology and histopathology studies showed the presence of the pathogens on vegetative organs year-round, particularly on olive leaves and branches, and on weeds. These represent inoculum reservoirs where secondary conidiation occurs, and conidia are then dispersed by spring rains reaching flowers and young fruits or by autumn rains reaching pre-mature fruits. Unripe fruits were colonized without showing symptoms up to penetration of the cuticle, but further colonization and symptom production was completed only as fruits matured. These findings challenge current control practices, particularly the timing of fungicide treatment, and contribute to improved disease management.
| Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||
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| Subjects: | Q Science > QK Botany S Agriculture > SB Plant culture |
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| Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Life Sciences (2010- ) | ||||
| Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Anthracnose -- Epidemiology -- Portugal, Anthracnose -- Histopathology -- Portugal, Anthracnose -- Etiology, Olive -- Diseases and pests -- Portugal -- Research, Colletotrichum, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides | ||||
| Journal or Publication Title: | Plant Pathology | ||||
| Publisher: | Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd. | ||||
| ISSN: | 0032-0862 | ||||
| Official Date: | 2010 | ||||
| Dates: |
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| Volume: | Volume 60 | ||||
| Number: | Number 3 | ||||
| Page Range: | pp. 483-495 | ||||
| DOI: | 10.1111/j.1365-3059.2010.02397.x | ||||
| Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||
| Publication Status: | Published | ||||
| Funder: | Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) | ||||
| Grant number: | POCI 2010 and FEDER; POCI and PPCDT⁄AGR⁄56321⁄2004 and SFRH⁄BPD⁄7161⁄2001 (FCT) |
Data sourced from Thomson Reuters' Web of Knowledge
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