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Trial protocol and preliminary results for a cluster randomised trial of behavioural support versus brief advice for smoking cessation in adolescents

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Markham, Wolfgang A., Bridle, Christopher, Grimshaw, G. M., Stanton, Alan and Aveyard, Paul. (2010) Trial protocol and preliminary results for a cluster randomised trial of behavioural support versus brief advice for smoking cessation in adolescents. BMC Research Notes, Vol.3 (No.336). ISSN 1756-0500

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Abstract

Background: Many young people report they want to stop smoking and have tried to do so, but most of their
quit attempts fail. For adult smokers, there is strong evidence that group behavioural support enhances quit rates.
However, it is uncertain whether group behavioural support enhances abstinence in young smokers trying to quit.
Findings: A cluster randomised trial for young people trying to stop smoking to compare the efficacy of a schoolbased
9 week intensive group behavioural support course versus a school-based 7 week brief advice only course.
Participants were assessed for evidence of tobacco addiction and nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) was used if it
was deemed appropriate by the therapist. Both types of course aimed to recruit approximately one hundred
participants from approximately ten schools.
The primary outcome was successful quitting at 4 weeks after quit day judged according to the Russell standard.
Had the trial been completed, abstinence at 6 months after quit day and the relationships between successful quit
attempts and 1) psychological assessments of dependence prior to quitting 2) salivary cotinine concentration prior
to quitting and 3) sociodemographic characteristics would also have been assessed. The proportion of participants
who stopped smoking in each arm of the trial were compared using Chi square tests.
The trial was stopped shortly after it had started because funding to support the therapists running the stop
smoking group behavioural support programme was withdrawn. Only three stop smoking courses were completed
(two group support courses and one brief advice pharmacotherapy course). Seventeen participants in total entered
the trial. At the end of the courses, one participant (10%) attending the group support programme had stopped
smoking and no participant attending the brief advice programme had stopped smoking.
Discussion: The trial was stopped so we were unable to determine whether group support helped more young
people to stop smoking than brief advice. Engagement and recruitment of participants proved much more difficult
than had been anticipated. Fifteen of the seventeen participants reported that quitting smoking was either pretty
important or very important to them. Thus, the stop smoking success rate could, nevertheless, be considered
disappointing.
Trial registration: Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN25181936

Item Type: Journal Article
Subjects: H Social Sciences > HV Social pathology. Social and public welfare
Divisions: Faculty of Social Sciences > School of Health and Social Studies
Faculty of Medicine > Warwick Medical School
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): Smoking cessation -- Great Britain, Preventive health services for children -- Great Britain, Group counseling for children -- Great Britain
Journal or Publication Title: BMC Research Notes
Publisher: BioMed Central Ltd.
ISSN: 1756-0500
Official Date: 14 December 2010
Volume: Vol.3
Number: No.336
Identification Number: 10.1186/1756-0500-3-336
Status: Peer Reviewed
Access rights to Published version: Open Access
Funder: Cancer Research UK (CRUK)
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URI: http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/id/eprint/4139

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