The Library

Effects of gestational age at birth on health outcomes at 3 and 5 years of age : population based cohort study

Tools

Boyle, Elaine M., Poulsen, Gry, Field, David J. (David John), Kurinczuk, Jennifer J., Wolke, Dieter, Alfirevic, Zarko and Quigley, Maria A.. (2012) Effects of gestational age at birth on health outcomes at 3 and 5 years of age : population based cohort study. BMJ, Vol.344 . Article no. e896. ISSN 0959-535X

Preview

PDF
WRAP_Wolke_0.pdf - Published Version - Requires a PDF viewer such as GSview, Xpdf or Adobe Acrobat Reader
Download (494Kb)

Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.e896

Abstract

To investigate the burden of later disease associated with moderate/late preterm (32-36 weeks) and early term (37-38 weeks) birth.

Design Secondary analysis of data from the Millennium Cohort Study (MCS).

Setting Longitudinal study of infants born in the United Kingdom between 2000 and 2002.

Participants 18 818 infants participated in the MCS. Effects of gestational age at birth on health outcomes at 3 (n=14 273) and 5 years (n=14 056) of age were analysed.

Main outcome measures Growth, hospital admissions, longstanding illness/disability, wheezing/asthma, use of prescribed drugs, and parental rating of their children’s health.

Results Measures of general health, hospital admissions, and longstanding illness showed a gradient of increasing risk of poorer outcome with decreasing gestation, suggesting a “dose-response” effect of prematurity. The greatest contribution to disease burden at 3 and 5 years was in children born late/moderate preterm or early term. Population attributable fractions for having at least three hospital admissions between 9 months and 5 years were 5.7% (95% confidence interval 2.0% to 10.0%) for birth at 32-36 weeks and 7.2% (1.4% to 13.6%) for birth at 37-38 weeks, compared with 3.8% (1.3% to 6.5%) for children born very preterm (<32 weeks). Similarly, 2.7% (1.1% to 4.3%), 5.4% (2.4% to 8.6%), and 5.4% (0.7% to 10.5%) of limiting longstanding illness at 5 years were attributed to very preterm birth, moderate/late preterm birth, and early term birth.

Item Type:

Journal Article

Subjects:

R Medicine > RJ Pediatrics

Divisions:

Faculty of Medicine > Warwick Medical School > Health Sciences > Mental Health and Wellbeing
Faculty of Science > Psychology
Faculty of Medicine > Warwick Medical School

Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH):

Premature infants -- Health and hygiene

Journal or Publication Title:

BMJ

Publisher:

BMJ Publishing Group Ltd.

ISSN:

0959-535X

Official Date:

1 March 2012

Dates:

Date	Event
1 March 2012	Published

Volume:

Vol.344

Page Range:

Article no. e896

Identification Number:

10.1136/bmj.e896

Status:

Peer Reviewed

Publication Status:

Published

Access rights to Published version:

Open Access

Funder:

BUPA Foundation

References:

1 Wood NS, Marlow N, Costeloe K, Gibson AT, Wilkinson AR. Neurologic and developmental
disability after extremely preterm birth. N Engl J Med 2000;343:378-84.
2 Moser K, Macfarlane A, Chow YH, Hilder L, Dattani N. Introducing new data on
gestation-specific infant mortality among babies born in 2005 in England and Wales.
Health Stat Q 2007;13:27.
3 Kramer MS, Demissie K, Yang H, Platt RW, Sauve R, Liston R. The contribution of mild
and moderate preterm birth to infant mortality. JAMA 2000;284:843-9.
4 Tomashek KM, Shapiro-Mendoza CK, Davidoff MJ, Petrini JR. Differences in mortality
between late-preterm and term singleton infants in the United States, 1995-2002. J Pediatr
2007;151:450-6,456.e1.
5 Escobar GJ, Clark RH, Greene JD. Short-term outcomes of infants born at 35 and 36
weeks’ gestation: we need to ask more questions. Semin Perinatol 2006;30:28-33.
6 McIntire DD, Leveno KJ. Neonatal mortality and morbidity rates in late preterm births
compared with births at term. Obstet Gynecol 2008;111:35-41.
7 Wang ML, Dorer DJ, Fleming MP, Catlin EA. Clinical outcomes of near-term infants.
Pediatrics 2004;114:372-6.
8 Baron IS, Erickson K, Ahronovich MD, Baker R, Litman FR. Cognitive deficit in preschoolers
born late-preterm. Early Hum Dev 2011;87:115-9.
9 Petrini JR, Dias T, McCormick MC, Massolo ML, Green NS, Escobar GJ. Increased risk
of adverse neurological development for late preterm infants. J Pediatr 2009;154:169-76.
10 Talge NM, Holzman C, Wang J, Lucia V, Gardiner J, Breslau N. Late-preterm birth and
its association with cognitive and socioemotional outcomes at 6 years of age. Pediatrics
2010;126:1124-31.
11 Chyi LJ, Lee HC, Hintz SR, Gould JB, Sutcliffe TL. School outcomes of late preterm
infants: special needs and challenges for infants born at 32 to 36 weeks’ gestation. J
Pediatr 2008;153:25-31.
12 Van Baar AL, Vermaas J, Knots E, de Kleine MJ, Soons P. Functioning at school age of
moderately preterm children born at 32 to 36 weeks’ gestational age. Pediatrics
2009;124:251-7.
13 Lindstrom K, Lindblad F, Hjern A. Psychiatric morbidity in adolescents and young adults
born preterm: a Swedish national cohort study. Pediatrics 2009;123:e47-53.
14 MacKay DF, Smith GC, Dobbie R, Pell JP. Gestational age at delivery and special
educational need: retrospective cohort study of 407,503 schoolchildren. PLoS Med
2010;7:e1000289.
15 Centre of Longitudinal Studies. Millennium Cohort Study first, second, third and fourth
surveys—a guide to the datasets. Centre of Longitudinal Studies, Institute of Education,
2010.
16 Poulsen G, Kurinczuk JJ, Wolke D, Boyle EM, Field D, Alfirevic Z, et al. Accurate reporting
of expected delivery date by mothers 9 months after birth. J Clin Epidemiol
2011;64:1444-50.
17 Bonellie S, Chalmers J, Gray R, Greer I, Jarvis S, Williams C. Centile charts for birthweight
for gestational age for Scottish singleton births. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2008;8:5.
18 Cole TJ, Bellizzi MC, Flegal KM, Dietz WH. Establishing a standard definition for child
overweight and obesity worldwide: international survey. BMJ 2000;320:1240-3.
19 Cole TJ, Flegal KM, Nicholls D, Jackson AA. Body mass index cut offs to define thinness
in children and adolescents: international survey. BMJ 2007;335:194.
20 Natarajan S, Lipsitz SR, Rimm E. A simple method of determining confidence intervals
for population attributable risk from complex surveys. Stat Med 2007;26:3229-39.
21 Plewis I. Millennium Cohort Study first survey: technical report on sampling. 4th ed. Centre
for Longitudinal Studies, Institute of Education, 2007.
22 Plewis I. Non-response in a birth cohort study: the case of the Millennium Cohort Study.
Int J Soc Res Methodol 2007;10:325-34.
23 Ketende SC. Millennium Cohort Study: technical report on response. 2nd ed. Centre for
Longitudinal Studies, Institute of Education, 2008.
24 Vernacchio L, Vezina RM, Ozonoff A, Mitchell AA. Validity of parental reporting of recent
episodes of acute otitis media: a Slone Center Office-Based Research (SCOR) Network
study. J Am Board Fam Med 2007;20:160-3.
25 D’Souza-Vazirani D, Minkovitz CS, Strobino DM. Validity of maternal report of acute health
care use for children younger than 3 years. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2005;159:167-72.
26 Escobar GJ, Greene JD, Hulac P, Kincannon E, Bischoff K, Gardner MN, et al.
Rehospitalisation after birth hospitalisation: patterns among infants of all gestations. Arch
Dis Child 2005;90:125-31.
27 McLaurin KK, Hall CB, Jackson EA, Owens OV, Mahadevia PJ. Persistence of morbidity
and cost differences between late-preterm and term infants during the first year of life.
Pediatrics 2009;123:653-9.
28 Oddie SJ, Hammal D, Richmond S, Parker L. Early discharge and readmission to hospital
in the first month of life in the Northern Region of the UK during 1998: a case cohort study.
Arch Dis Child 2005;90:119-24.
29 Bird TM, Bronstein JM, Hall RW, Lowery CL, Nugent R, Mays GP. Late preterm infants:
birth outcomes and health care utilization in the first year. Pediatrics 2010;126:e311-9.
30 Abe K, Shapiro-Mendoza CK, Hall LR, Satten GA. Late preterm birth and risk of developing
asthma. J Pediatr 2010;157:74-8.