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Corruption as a barrier to entry : theory and evidence
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Campos, Nauro F., Estrin, Saul and Proto, Eugenio (2010) Corruption as a barrier to entry : theory and evidence. Working Paper. Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA), Bonn, Germany. (Unpublished)
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Official URL: http://ftp.iza.org/dp5243.pdf
Abstract
Conventional wisdom depicts corruption as a tax on incumbent firms. This paper challenges this view in two ways. First, by arguing that corruption matters not so much because of the value of the bribe (“tax”), but because of another less studied feature of corruption, namely bribe unavoidability. Second, we argue that the social costs of corruption arise not because corruption hurts incumbent firms, but mostly because it acts as a powerful barrier to the entry of new firms. Corruption sands and greases in tandem: it helps incumbent firms (on balance) and it hurts potential entrants. We put forward a model in which a bureaucrat chooses entry barriers to optimize bribe revenues. When the capacity to collect bribes is high, it is optimal to allow high levels of oligopoly power to incumbents. Conversely, the more avoidable are the bribes, the more firms are allowed into the market. These ideas are tested using a unique, representative sample of Brazilian manufacturing firms. Consistently with our theoretical model, we show that corruption (a) is ranked as the most important barrier to entry (above finance, taxes and regulation) and (b) while bribes' unavoidability is positively related to firm performance, the size of the bribe is not.
| Item Type: | Working or Discussion Paper (Working Paper) |
|---|---|
| Subjects: | H Social Sciences > HJ Public Finance |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Social Sciences > Economics |
| Series Name: | IZA Discussion Papers |
| Publisher: | Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) |
| Place of Publication: | Bonn, Germany |
| Date: | October 2010 |
| Number: | No.5243 |
| Status: | Not Peer Reviewed |
| Publication Status: | Unpublished |
| Access rights to Published version: | Open Access |
| Funder: | Department for International Development |
| Version or Related Resource: | Also available as Campos, Nauro F., et al. (2010). Corruption as a barrier to entry : theory and evidence. Coventry: Centre for Economic Policy Research. (CEPR Discussion Paper no.DP8061). |
| Related URLs: | |
| URI: | http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/id/eprint/44793 |
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