Covington, James A., 1973-, Ouaret, N., Gardner, J. W. (Julian W.), 1958-, Nwokolo, Chuka U., Bardhan, Karna Dev and Arasaradnam, Ramesh P. (2011) Detection and identification of inflammatory bowel disease by electronic nose. In: 14th International Symposium on Olfaction and Electronic Nose (ISOEN 2011), New York City, U.S.A., May 2-5, 2011. Published in: Proceedings of the 14th International Symposium on Olfaction and Electronic Nose, Vol.1362 pp. 285-286.

Abstract

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an inflammation of the lining of the human bowel and a major health issue in Europe. IBD carries with it significant morbidity from toxic treatment, surgery and a risk of developing bowel cancer. Thus there is a need for early identification of the disease using non‐invasive tests. Present diagnostic techniques are based around invasive tests (i.e. endoscopy) and laboratory culture; the latter is limited as only 50% of the gut bacteria can be identified. Here we explore the use of an e‐nose as a tool to detect and identify two IBDs (i.e. Crohn's disease (CD) & Ulcerative Colitis (UC)) based on headspace analysis from urine samples. We believe that the gut bacterial flora is altered by disease (due to fermentation) that in‐turn modulates the gas composition within urine samples. 24 samples (9 CD, 6 UC, 9 controls) were analysed with an in‐house e‐nose and an Owlstone IMS instrument. Data analysis was performed using linear discriminant analysis (LDA and principal components analysis (PCA). Using the e‐nose, LDA separates both disease groups and control, whilst PCA shows a small overlap of classes. The IMS data are more complex but shows some disease∕control separation. We are presently collecting further samples for a larger study using more advanced data processing methods.

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