Xue, Mingzhan, Rabbani, Naila, Momiji, Hiroshi, Imbasi, Precious, Anwar, M. Maqsud, Kitteringham, Neil, Park, B. Kevin, Souma, Tomokazu, Moriguchi, Takashi, Yamamoto, Masayuki and Thornalley, Paul J. (2012) Transcriptional control of glyoxalase 1 by Nrf2 provides a stress-responsive defence against dicarbonyl glycation. The Biochemical journal, Vol.443 (No.1). pp. 213-22. doi:10.1042/BJ20111648 ISSN 1470-8728.

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Abstract

Abnormal cellular accumulation of the dicarbonyl metabolite MG (methylglyoxal) occurs on exposure to high glucose concentrations, inflammation, cell aging and senescence. It is associated with increased MG-adduct content of protein and DNA linked to increased DNA strand breaks and mutagenesis, mitochondrial dysfunction and ROS (reactive oxygen species) formation and cell detachment from the extracellular matrix. MG-mediated damage is countered by glutathione-dependent metabolism by Glo1 (glyoxalase 1). It is not known, however, whether Glo1 has stress-responsive up-regulation to counter periods of high MG concentration or dicarbonyl stress. We identified a functional ARE (antioxidant-response element) in the 5'-untranslated region of exon 1 of the mammalian Glo1 gene. Transcription factor Nrf2 (nuclear factor-erythroid 2 p45 subunit-related factor 2) binds to this ARE, increasing basal and inducible expression of Glo1. Activators of Nrf2 induced increased Glo1 mRNA, protein and activity. Increased expression of Glo1 decreased cellular and extracellular concentrations of MG, MG-derived protein adducts, mutagenesis and cell detachment. Hepatic, brain, heart, kidney and lung Glo1 mRNA and protein were decreased in Nrf2-/- mice, and urinary excretion of MG protein and nucleotide adducts were increased approximately 2-fold. We conclude that dicarbonyl stress is countered by up-regulation of Glo1 in the Nrf2 stress-responsive system, protecting protein and DNA from increased damage and preserving cell function.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Subjects:	Q Science > QP Physiology
Divisions:	Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Life Sciences (2010- ) Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School > Biomedical Sciences > Translational & Experimental Medicine > Metabolic and Vascular Health (- until July 2016) Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Research Centres > Warwick Systems Biology Centre Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH):	Metabolites, Glyoxalase, DNA damage
Journal or Publication Title:	The Biochemical journal
Publisher:	Portland Press
ISSN:	1470-8728
Official Date:	1 April 2012
Dates:	Date Event 1 April 2012 Published
Volume:	Vol.443
Number:	No.1
Page Range:	pp. 213-22
DOI:	10.1042/BJ20111648
Status:	Peer Reviewed
Publication Status:	Published
Access rights to Published version:	Open Access (Creative Commons)
Funder:	Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (Great Britain) (BBSRC), Bayelsa State (Nigeria)
Grant number:	BB/D006295/1 (BBSRC)

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