Loukas, M., Walters, A., Boon, J.M., Welch, T.P., Meiring, J.H. and Abrahams, Peter H.. (2012) Pericardiocentesis : a clinical anatomy review. Clinical Anatomy, Vol.25 (No.7). pp. 872-881. ISSN 0897-3806

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Abstract

The safe and successful performance of pericardiocentesis demands a working and specific knowledge of anatomy. Misunderstanding of anatomy may result in failure or serious complications. This review attempts to aid understanding of the anatomical framework, pitfalls, and complications of pericardiocentesis. Pericardiocentesis is carried out for aspiration of blood from the pericardial cavity in cases of cardiac tamponade and symptomatic pericardial effusion. In addition, this technique may be used for the diagnosis of neoplastic effusions, purulent pericarditis, and introduction of cytotoxic agents into the pericardial space. Most complications of the procedure are due to the needle penetrating the heart and surrounding structures such a coronary arteries, lungs, stomach, colon, and liver. These complications, if severe, may result in pneumothorax, hemothorax, arrhythmias, infections or arterial bleeding. Therefore, the more fluid or blood there is between the myocardium and pericardium—within the pericardial cavity— the less chance of complications. With a thorough knowledge of the complications, regional anatomy and rationale of the technique, and adequate experience, a pericardiocentesis can be carried out safely and successfully. Clin. Anat. 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Subjects:	R Medicine > R Medicine (General)
Divisions:	Faculty of Medicine > Warwick Medical School > Institute of Clinical Education (ICE) Faculty of Medicine > Warwick Medical School
Journal or Publication Title:	Clinical Anatomy
Publisher:	John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
ISSN:	0897-3806
Date:	October 2012
Volume:	Vol.25
Number:	No.7
Page Range:	pp. 872-881
Identification Number:	10.1002/ca.22032
Status:	Peer Reviewed
Publication Status:	Published
Access rights to Published version:	Restricted or Subscription Access
URI:	http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/id/eprint/48203

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