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Habitual salt intake and risk of gastric cancer : a meta-analysis of prospective studies
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D’Elia, Lanfranco, Rossi, Giovanni, Ippolito, Renato, Cappuccio, Francesco and Strazzullo, Pasquale (2012) Habitual salt intake and risk of gastric cancer : a meta-analysis of prospective studies. Clinical Nutrition, Vol.31 (No.4). pp. 489-498. doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2012.01.003 ISSN 0261-5614.
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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2012.01.003
Abstract
Background & aims
Systematic reviews of case–control studies evaluating the relationship between dietary salt intake and gastric cancer showed a positive association, however a quantitative analysis of longitudinal cohort studies is lacking. Therefore, we carried out a meta-analysis to assess the association between habitual salt intake and risk of gastric cancer in prospective studies.
Methods
We performed a systematic search of published articles (1966–2010). Criteria for inclusion were: original articles, prospective adult population studies, assessment of salt intake as baseline exposure and of gastric cancer as outcome, follow-up of at least 4 years, indication of number of participants exposed and events across different salt intake categories.
Results
Seven studies (10 cohorts) met the inclusion criteria (268 718 participants, 1474 events, follow-up 6–15 years). In the pooled analysis, “high” and “moderately high” vs “low” salt intake were both associated with increased risk of gastric cancer (RR = 1.68 [95% C.I. 1.17–2.41], p = 0.005 and respectively 1.41 [1.03–1.93], p = 0.032), with no evidence of publication bias. The association was stronger in the Japanese population and higher consumption of selected salt-rich foods was also associated with greater risk. Meta-regression analyses did not detect specific sources of heterogeneity.
Conclusions
Dietary salt intake was directly associated with risk of gastric cancer in prospective population studies, with progressively increasing risk across consumption levels.
| Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Subjects: | R Medicine > R Medicine (General) | ||||
| Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School > Biomedical Sciences > Translational & Experimental Medicine > Metabolic and Vascular Health (- until July 2016) Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School |
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| Journal or Publication Title: | Clinical Nutrition | ||||
| Publisher: | Elsevier BV | ||||
| ISSN: | 0261-5614 | ||||
| Official Date: | August 2012 | ||||
| Dates: |
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| Volume: | Vol.31 | ||||
| Number: | No.4 | ||||
| Page Range: | pp. 489-498 | ||||
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.clnu.2012.01.003 | ||||
| Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||
| Publication Status: | Published | ||||
| Access rights to Published version: | Restricted or Subscription Access |
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