Mehanna, Hisham M., Beech, Tom, Nicholson, Tom, El-Hariry, Iman, McConkey, Christopher C., Paleri, Vinidh, Roberts, Sally and Eisele, David W.. (2012) Prevalence of human papillomavirus in oropharyngeal and nonoropharyngeal head and neck cancer-systematic review and meta-analysis of trends by time and region. Head & Neck, Volume 35 (Number 5). pp. 747-755. ISSN 1043-3074

Abstract

Background Little information has been reported on regional and time trends of human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence rates of oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) and non-OPC. Methods The study consisted of a systematic review and meta-analysis using random effects logistic regression models. Results Overall HPV prevalence in OPC (47.7%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 42.9–52.5%) increased significantly over time: from 40.5% (95% CI, 35.1–46.1) before 2000, to 64.3% (95% CI, 56.7–71.3) between 2000 and 2004, and 72.2% (95% CI, 52.9–85.7) between 2005 and 2009 (p < .001). Prevalence increased significantly in North America and Europe, and the significant gap between them that existed before 2000 (50.7% vs 35.3%, respectively, p = .008) has now disappeared (69.7% vs 73.1%, respectively, p = .8). Prevalence in non-OPC (21.8%; 95% CI, 18.9–25.1%) has not increased over time (p = .97) Conclusions The sharp increase in the proportion of HPV-positive OPC over the last decade has occurred at a faster rate in Europe compared with that in North America. In contrast, the relatively low prevalence of HPV in non-OPC remains unchanged.

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