The Library

The nature and correlates of paid and unpaid work among service users of London Community Mental Health Teams

Tools

Lloyd-Evans, Brynmor, Marwaha, Steven, Burns, Tom, Secker, Jenny, Latimer, Eric, Blizard, Robert, Killaspy, Helen, Totman, Jonathan, Tanskanen, Sanna and Johnson, Sonia. (2013) The nature and correlates of paid and unpaid work among service users of London Community Mental Health Teams. Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences, Volume 22 (Number 2). pp. 169-180. ISSN 2045-7979

Preview

Text
WRAP_Marwaha_570_Lloyd-Evans_rates and correlates of paid and unpaid work_for resubmission to EPS_070812.pdf - Accepted Version
Download (544Kb) | Preview

Official URL: http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayJourna...

Abstract

Aims Little is known about how the rates and characteristics of mental health service users in unpaid work, training and study compare with those in paid employment.

Methods: From staff report and patient records, 1353 mental health service users of seven Community Mental Health Teams in two London boroughs were categorised as in paid work, unpaid vocational activity or no vocational activity. Types of work were described using Standard Occupational Classifications. The characteristics of each group were reported and associations with vocational status were explored.

Results: Of the sample, 5.5% were in paid work and 12.7% were in unpaid vocational activity, (including 5.3% in voluntary work and 8.1% in study or training). People in paid work were engaged in a broader range of occupations than those in voluntary work and most in paid work (58.5%) worked part-time. Younger age and high educational attainment characterised both groups. Having sustained previous employment was most strongly associated with being in paid work.

Conclusions: Rates of vocational activity were very low. Results did not suggest a clear clinical distinction between those in paid and unpaid activity.The motivations for and functions of unpaid work need further research.

Item Type:

Journal Article

Alternative Title:

Paid and unpaid work among UK mental health service users

Subjects:

H Social Sciences > HD Industries. Land use. Labor
R Medicine > RC Internal medicine

Divisions:

Faculty of Medicine > Warwick Medical School > Health Sciences > Mental Health and Wellbeing
Faculty of Medicine > Warwick Medical School

Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH):

Mentally ill -- Employment -- Great Britain

Journal or Publication Title:

Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences

Publisher:

Cambridge University Press

ISSN:

2045-7979

Official Date:

June 2013

Dates:

Date	Event
June 2013	Published

Volume:

Volume 22

Number:

Number 2

Page Range:

pp. 169-180

Identification Number:

10.1017/S2045796012000534

Status:

Peer Reviewed

Publication Status:

Published

Access rights to Published version:

Restricted or Subscription Access

Funder:

National Institute for Health Research (Great Britain) (NIHR)

Grant number:

PB-PG-1207-15143 (NIHR)

References:

Bond,G. Drake,RE Becker,D. (2008) “An update on randomised controlled trials of evidence-based supported employment” Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal 31: 280-289
Burns T, Catty J, Becker,T. Drake,RE, Fioritti,A Knapp,M. et al. (2007) “The effectiveness of suported employment for people with severe mental illness: a randomised controlled trial” The Lancet 370: 1146-52
Campbell,K. Bond,G. Drake,R. McHugo,G. Xie,H. (2010) “Client predictors of employment outcomes in high-fidelity supported employment: a regression analysis” Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 198(8) pp 556-63
Catty,J. Lissouba,P. White,S. Becker,T. Drake,R. Fioritti,A. Knapp,M. Lauber,C. Rossler,W. Tomov,T. van Busschbach,J. Wiersma,D. Burns,T. (2008) “Predictors of employment for people with severe mental illness: results of an international six-centre randomised controlled trial” British Journal of Psychiatry 192 pp224-231
Crowther,R. Marshall,M. Bond,G. Huxley,P. (2001) “Helping people with severe mental illness to obtain work: systematic review” British Medical Journal 322: 204-208
Department of Communities and Local Government (2011) “English indices of deprivation 2010” Department of Communities and Local Government
Department of Health (2002) “Mental Health Policy Implementation Guide: Community Mental Health Teams” Department of Health
Department of Health (2006) “Vocational services for people with severe mental health problems: commissioning guidance”: Department of Health
Department of Health (2009) “Working our way to better mental health: a framework for action”: Department of Health
Department of Health (2011) “No health without mental health”: Department of Health
Department of Health (2012) Web resource
http://www.direct.gov.uk/en/MoneyTaxAndBenefits/BenefitsTaxCreditsAndOtherSupport/Illorinjured/DG_1001891
Department of Work and Pensions (2010) “Permitted Work: work you can do while getting benefits because of an illness or disability” Job Centre Plus http://www.dwp.gov.uk/docs/dwp1019.pdf
Dittmann,S. Biedermann,N. Grunzer,H. Hummel,B. Scharer,L. Kleindienst,N et al. (2002) “The Stanley Foundation Bipolar Network: results of the naturalistic follow-up study after 2.5 years of follow-up in the German centres” Neuropsychobiology 46 Suppl 1: 2-9.
European Commission (2008) “Commission Recommendation of 3 October 2008 on the active inclusion of people excluded from the labour market (notified under document number C(2008) 5737)” web resource:
http://eurlex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32008H0867:EN:NOT
Furukawa, T. Konno,W. Monnobu,S. Harai,H. Kitamura,T. Takahashi,K. (2000)“Course and outcome of depressive episodes: comparison between bipolar, unipolar and subthreshold depression” Psychiatry Research 96(3): 211-20
Goldberg,R. Luckstead,A. McNary,S. Gold,J. Dixon,L. Lehman,A. (2001) “Correlates of unemployment among inner-city adults with serious and persistant mental illness” Psychiatric Services 52:101-103
Honey, A. (2004) “Benefits and drawbacks of employment: perspectives of people with mental illness” Qualitative Health Research 14: 381-395.
Howard,L. Heslin,M. Leese,M. McCrone,P. Rice,C. Jarrett,M. et al. (2010) “Supported employment: randomised controlled trial” British Journal of Psychiatry 196(5): 404-411
Jahoda, M., Lazarsfeld, P. & Zeisl, H. (1933) “Marienthal: The Sociography of an Unemployed Community” London: Tavistock Publications.
Leff,J. and Warner,R. (2006) “Social Inclusion of people with mental illness” Cambridge University Press
Little,R. & Rubin,D. (2002) “Statistical analysis with missing data” Wiley;
Marwaha,S. and Johnson,S. (2004) “Schizophrenia and employment: a review” Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 39: 337-349
Marwaha,S. and Johnson,S. (2005) “Views and experiences of work among the seriously mentally ill: a qualitative descriptive study” International Journal of Social Psychiatry 51: 302-315
Marwaha,S. Johnson,S. Bebbington,P. Stafford,M. Angermeyer,M. Brugha,T. et al. (2007) “Rates and correlates of employment in people with schizophrenia in the UK, France and Germany” British Journal of Psychiatry 191: 30-37
Marwaha,S. Balachandra,S and Johnson,S. (2009) “Clinicians’ attitudes to the employment of people with psychosis” Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 44: 349-360
Mowbray,C. Bybee,T. Harris,S. McCrohan,N. (1995) “Predictors of work status and future work orientation in people with a psychiatric disability” Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal 53: 31-42
Office for National Statistics (2001) “National Census – England Household Form” www.census.ac.uk/CensusForms/2001_England_Household
Office for National Statistics (2009) “Labour market statistics November 2009” Office for National Statistics http://www.statistics.gov.uk/pdfdir/lmsuk1109.pdf
Office for National Statistics (2010) “Standard Occupational Classification 2010: Volume 1: structure and descriptions of unit groups” Palgrave MacMillan
Perkins,R. and Rinaldi,M. (2002) “Unemployment rates among patients with long-term mental health problems: a decade of rising unemployment” Psychiatric Bulletin 26: 295-298
Royston,P. (2004) “Multiple imputation of missing values” Stata Journal 4: 227-241
Sanchez-Moreno,J. Martinez-Aran,A. Tabares-Seseidos,R. Torrent,C. Vieta,E. Ayuso-Mateos,J. (2009) “Functioning and disability in bipolar disorder: an extensive review” Psychotherapy & Psychosomatics 78: 285-97
Schafer,J. (1997) “Analysis of incomplete multivariate data” Chapman and Hall
Seebohm,P. and Scott,J. (2004) “Addressing disincentives to work associated with the welfare benefits system in the UK and abroad” Sainsbury Centre for Mental Health, London
Secker,J. Grove,B. Seebohm,P. (2001) “Challenging barriers to employment, education and training for mental health service users: the service user’s perspective” Journal of Mental Health 10(4): 95-404
SE-SURG (South Essex Service User Research Group), Secker,J. Gelling,L. (2006) “Still dreaming: service users’ employment, education and training goals” Journal of Mental Health 15(1): 103-111
Strickler, DC., Whitley,R Becker,D Drake,RE (2009) "First person accounts of long-term employment activity among people with dual diagnosis." Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal 32(4): 261-8.
Turner,N. Browne,S. Clarke,M. Gervin,M. Larkin,C. Waddington,J. O’Callaghan,E. (2009) "Employment status amongst those with psychosis at first presentation." Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 44(10): 863-869
Waghorn,G. Chant,D. Jaeger,J. (2007) “Employment functioning and disability among community residents with bipolar affective disorder: results from an Australian community survey” Bipolar Disorders 9: 166-182
Wewiorski,N. and Fabian,E. (2004) “Association between demographic and diagnostic factors and employment outcomes for people with psychiatric disabilities: a synthesis of recent research” Mental Health Services Research 6(1): 9-21
Wing,J. Beevor,A. Curtis,R. Park,S. Hadden,S. Burns,A. (1998) “Health of the Nation Outcome scales (HoNOS): Research and Development” British Journal of Psychiatry 172: 11-18