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Optimal foraging in semantic memory
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Hills, Thomas Trenholm, Jones, Michael N. and Todd, Peter M. (2012) Optimal foraging in semantic memory. Psychological Review, Vol.119 (No.2). pp. 431-440. doi:10.1037/a0027373 ISSN 0033-295X.
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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0027373
Abstract
Do humans search in memory using dynamic local-to-global search strategies similar to those that animals use to forage between patches in space? If so, do their dynamic memory search policies correspond to optimal foraging strategies seen for spatial foraging? Results from a number of fields suggest these possibilities, including the shared structure of the search problems-searching in patchy environments-and recent evidence supporting a domain-general cognitive search process. To investigate these questions directly, we asked participants to recover from memory as many animal names as they could in 3 min. Memory search was modeled over a representation of the semantic search space generated from the BEAGLE memory model of Jones and Mewhort (2007), via a search process similar to models of associative memory search (e.g., Raaijmakers & Shiffrin, 1981). We found evidence for local structure (i.e., patches) in memory search and patch depletion preceding dynamic local-to-global transitions between patches. Dynamic models also significantly outperformed nondynamic models. The timing of dynamic local-to-global transitions was consistent with optimal search policies in space, specifically the marginal value theorem (Charnov, 1976), and participants who were more consistent with this policy recalled more items.
Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||
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Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Psychology | ||||
Journal or Publication Title: | Psychological Review | ||||
Publisher: | American Psychological Association | ||||
ISSN: | 0033-295X | ||||
Official Date: | 2012 | ||||
Dates: |
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Volume: | Vol.119 | ||||
Number: | No.2 | ||||
Page Range: | pp. 431-440 | ||||
DOI: | 10.1037/a0027373 | ||||
Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||
Publication Status: | Published | ||||
Access rights to Published version: | Restricted or Subscription Access |
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