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Estimating the public health impact of the effect of herpes simplex virus suppressive therapy on plasma HIV-1 viral load
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Baggaley, Rebecca F., Griffin, Jamie T., Chapman, Ruth, Hollingsworth, T. Déirdre, Nagot, Nicolas, Delany, Sinead, Mayaud, Philippe, de Wolf, Frank, Fraser, Christophe, Ghani, Azra C. and Weiss, Helen A. (2009) Estimating the public health impact of the effect of herpes simplex virus suppressive therapy on plasma HIV-1 viral load. AIDS, Vol.23 (No.8). pp. 1005-1013. doi:10.1097/QAD.0b013e32832aadf2
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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0b013e32832aadf2
Abstract
Objective:
Trials of herpes simplex virus (HSV) suppressive therapy among HSV-2/HIV-1-infected individuals have reported an impact on plasma HIV-1 viral loads (PVLs). Our aim was to estimate the population-level impact of suppressive therapy on female-to-male HIV-1 sexual transmission.
Design and methods:
By comparing prerandomization and postrandomization individual-level PVL data from the first two HSV suppressive therapy randomized controlled trials in sub-Saharan Africa, we estimated the effect of treatment on duration of asymptomatic infection and number of HIV-1 transmission events for each trial.
Results:
Assuming that a reduction in PVL is accompanied by an increased duration of HIV-1 asymptomatic infection, 4-6 years of HSV suppressive therapy produce a 1-year increase in the duration of this stage. To avert one HIV-1 transmission requires 8.8 [95% confidence interval (CI), 5.9-14.9] and 11.4 (95% CI, 7.8-27.5) women to be treated from halfway through their HIV-1 asymptomatic period, using results from Burkina Faso and South African trials, respectively. Regardless of the timing of treatment initiation, 51.6 (95% CI, 30.4-137.0) and 66.5 (95% CI, 36.7-222.6) treatment-years are required to avert one HIV-1 infection. Distributions of set-point PVL values from sub-Saharan African populations suggest that unintended adverse consequences of therapy at the population level (i.e. increased HIV-1 transmission due to increased duration of infection) are unlikely to occur in these settings.
Conclusion:
HSV suppressive therapy may avert relatively few HIV-1 transmission events per person-year of treatment. Its use as a prevention intervention may be limited; however, further research into its effect on rate of CD4 cell count decline and the impact of higher dosing schedules is warranted.
| Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alternative Title: | Impact of HSV therapy on HIV transmission | ||||
| Subjects: | R Medicine > RC Internal medicine | ||||
| Divisions: | Faculty of Science > Life Sciences (2010- ) Faculty of Science > Mathematics |
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| Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | HIV infections -- Treatment | ||||
| Journal or Publication Title: | AIDS | ||||
| Publisher: | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins | ||||
| ISSN: | 0269-9370 | ||||
| Official Date: | 2009 | ||||
| Dates: |
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| Volume: | Vol.23 | ||||
| Number: | No.8 | ||||
| Number of Pages: | 9 | ||||
| Page Range: | pp. 1005-1013 | ||||
| DOI: | 10.1097/QAD.0b013e32832aadf2 | ||||
| Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||
| Publication Status: | Published | ||||
| Access rights to Published version: | Restricted or Subscription Access | ||||
| Funder: | Wellcome Trust (London, England), Medical Research Council (Great Britain) (MRC), Agence nationale de recherches sur le SIDA (France) (ANRS), Foundation for Research Development (South Africa), London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine | ||||
| Grant number: | GR082623MA (WT), GR074151MA (WT), TTK2005071300016 | ||||
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