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Rabies virus vaccines : is there a need for a pan-lyssavirus vaccine?

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Evans, Jennifer S., Horton, Daniel L., Easton, A. J. (Andrew J.), Fooks, Anthony R. and Banyard, Ashley C. (2012) Rabies virus vaccines : is there a need for a pan-lyssavirus vaccine? Vaccine, Vol.30 (No.52). pp. 7447-7454. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.10.015

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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.10.015

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Abstract

All members of the lyssavirus genus are capable of causing disease that invariably results in death following the development of clinical symptoms. The recent detection of several novel lyssavirus species across the globe, in different animal species, has demonstrated that the lyssavirus genus contains a greater degree of genetic and antigenic variation than previously suspected. The divergence of species within the genus has led to a differentiation of lyssavirus isolates based on both antigenic and genetic data into two, and potentially a third phylogroup. Critically, from both a human and animal health perspective, current rabies vaccines appear able to protect against lyssaviruses classified within phylogroup I. However no protection is afforded against phylogroup II viruses or other more divergent viruses. Here we review current knowledge regarding the diversity and antigenicity of the lyssavirus glycoprotein. We review the degree of cross protection afforded by rabies vaccines, the genetic and antigenic divergence of the lyssaviruses and potential mechanisms for the development of novel lyssavirus vaccines for use in areas where divergent lyssaviruses are known to circulate, as well as for use by those at occupational risk from these pathogens.

Item Type: Journal Article
Divisions: Faculty of Science > Life Sciences (2010- )
Journal or Publication Title: Vaccine
Publisher: Elsevier Ltd.
ISSN: 0264-410X
Official Date: 2012
Dates:
DateEvent
2012Published
Volume: Vol.30
Number: No.52
Page Range: pp. 7447-7454
DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.10.015
Status: Peer Reviewed
Publication Status: Published
Access rights to Published version: Restricted or Subscription Access

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