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Adipokine inflammation and insulin resistance : the role of glucose, lipids and endotoxin
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Piya, Milan K., McTernan, P. G. and Kumar, Sudhesh (2013) Adipokine inflammation and insulin resistance : the role of glucose, lipids and endotoxin. Journal of Endocrinology, Vol.216 (No.1). T1-T15. doi:10.1530/JOE-12-0498 ISSN 0022-0795.
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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/JOE-12-0498
Abstract
Adipose tissue is an active endocrine organ, and our knowledge of this secretory tissue, in recent years, has led us to completely rethink how our body functions and becomes dysregulated with weight gain. Human adipose tissue appears to act as a multifunctional secretory organ with the capacity to control energy homoeostasis through peripheral and central regulation of energy homoeostasis. It also plays an important role in innate immunity. However, the capability to more than double its original mass to cope with positive energy balance in obesity leads to many pathogenic changes. These changes arise within the adipose tissue as well as inducing secondary detrimental effects on other organs like muscle and liver, including chronic low-grade inflammation mediated by adipocytokines (adipokine inflammation). This inflammation is modulated by dietary factors and nutrients including glucose and lipids, as well as gut bacteria in the form of endotoxin or LPS. The aim of this current review is to consider the impact of nutrients such as glucose and lipids on inflammatory pathways, specifically within adipose tissue. Furthermore, how nutrients such as these can influence adipokine inflammation and consequently insulin resistance directly through their effects on secretion of adipocytokines (TNFα, IL6 and resistin) as well as indirectly through increases in endotoxin is discussed.
| Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||
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| Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School > Biomedical Sciences > Translational & Experimental Medicine > Metabolic and Vascular Health (- until July 2016) Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School |
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| Journal or Publication Title: | Journal of Endocrinology | ||||
| Publisher: | Society for Endocrinology | ||||
| ISSN: | 0022-0795 | ||||
| Official Date: | 2013 | ||||
| Dates: |
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| Volume: | Vol.216 | ||||
| Number: | No.1 | ||||
| Page Range: | T1-T15 | ||||
| DOI: | 10.1530/JOE-12-0498 | ||||
| Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||
| Publication Status: | Published | ||||
| Access rights to Published version: | Open Access (Creative Commons) |
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