Footitt, Steven, Huang, Ziyue, Clay, Heather A., Mead, A. (Andrew) and Finch-Savage, William E. (2013) Temperature, light and nitrate sensing coordinate Arabidopsis seed dormancy cycling resulting in winter and summer annual phenotypes. Plant Journal, Volume 74 (Number 6). pp. 1003-1015. doi:10.1111/tpj.12186

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Abstract

Seeds use environmental cues to sense the seasons and their surroundings to initiate the plants life cycle. Dormancy cycling underlying this process is extensively described, but the molecular mechanism is largely unknown. To address this we selected a range of representative genes from published array experiments in the laboratory and investigated their expression patterns in seeds of Arabidopsis ecotypes, having contrasting life cycles, over an annual dormancy cycle in the field. We show how mechanisms identified in the laboratory are coordinated in response to the soil environment to determine dormancy cycles that result in winter and summer annual phenotypes. Our results are consistent with a seed specific response to seasonal temperature patterns (temporal sensing) involving the gene DELAY OF GERMINATION1 (DOG1) that indicates the correct season; and concurrent temporally driven co-opted mechanisms that sense spatial signals i.e. nitrate via CBL-INTERACTING PROTEIN KINASE 23 (CIPK23) phosphorylation of the NITRATE TRANSPORTER 1 (NRT1.1) and light via PHYTOCHROME A (PHYA). In both ecotypes studied, when all three genes have low expression there is enhanced GIBBERELLIN 3 BETA-HYDROXYLASE 1 (GA3ox1) expression, exhumed seeds have the potential to germinate in the laboratory, and the initiation of seedling emergence occurs following soil disturbance (exposure to light) in the field. Unlike DOG1, expression of MOTHER of FLOWERING TIME (MFT) has an opposite thermal response in seeds of the two ecotypes indicating a role in determining their different dormancy cycling phenotypes.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Subjects:	Q Science > QH Natural history > QH301 Biology
Divisions:	Faculty of Science > Life Sciences (2010- )
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH):	Arabidopsis thaliana, Plant genetics, Germination, Dormancy in plants, Plants -- Reproduction, Plant physiology -- Genetic aspects, Seeds -- Physiology, Plant hormones, Plants -- Nuitrition -- Genetic aspects, Growth (Plants) -- Molecular aspects
Journal or Publication Title:	Plant Journal
Publisher:	Blackwell
ISSN:	0960-7412
Official Date:	June 2013
Dates:	Date Event June 2013 Published
Volume:	Volume 74
Number:	Number 6
Page Range:	pp. 1003-1015
DOI:	10.1111/tpj.12186
Status:	Peer Reviewed
Publication Status:	Published
Access rights to Published version:	Open Access
Funder:	Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (Great Britain) (BBSRC)
Grant number:	BB/I022201/1

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