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The limit of a pedal sequence of triangles
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Manning, Anthony (2010) The limit of a pedal sequence of triangles. Bulletin of the London Mathematical Society, Vol.42 (No.4). pp. 673-679. doi:10.1112/blms/bdq025 ISSN 0024-6093 .
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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1112/blms/bdq025
Abstract
Several authors have studied the dynamics of the pedal sequence in which a triangle ABC is replaced by its pedal triangle (whose vertices are the feet of the perpendiculars from each vertex to the opposite side) and this procedure is repeated indefinitely. They found cases where the shape of the triangle repeats periodically and showed that the map is ergodic and modelled by the full shift on four symbols. We show here that the parameter space of shapes of triangles is a tetrahedron and that this has as a double cover (branched over four points) the two-torus where the dynamics is multiplication by 2. The pedal sequence thus inherits its dense set of periodic points and also the mixing property from this toral endomorphism. We find an expression for the limit point of a pedal sequence and show that it depends continuously but not differentiably on the shape of the original triangle.
Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||
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Subjects: | Q Science > QA Mathematics | ||||
Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Mathematics | ||||
Journal or Publication Title: | Bulletin of the London Mathematical Society | ||||
Publisher: | Cambridge University Press | ||||
ISSN: | 0024-6093 | ||||
Official Date: | August 2010 | ||||
Dates: |
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Volume: | Vol.42 | ||||
Number: | No.4 | ||||
Number of Pages: | 7 | ||||
Page Range: | pp. 673-679 | ||||
DOI: | 10.1112/blms/bdq025 | ||||
Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||
Publication Status: | Published | ||||
Access rights to Published version: | Restricted or Subscription Access |
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