Bolarinwa, A., Gbureck, U., Purnell, P., Bold, M. and Grover, L. M.. (2010) Cement casting of calcium pyrophosphate based bioceramics. Adavances in Applied Ceramics, Vol.109 (No.5). pp. 291-295. ISSN 1743-6753

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Abstract

An ideal bone graft replacement should degrade at the rate that new bone can be formed. Owing to the variability in the rate of bone turnover with age, diet, sex and health, this is almost impossible using traditional bioceramics such as hydroxyapatite and phosphate glasses. One way of achieving such a link is by coordinating implant dissolution with a specific biological stimulus associated with tissue formation. In the case of bone, one appropriate stimulus may be the enzyme alkaline phosphatase which is found in high concentrations attached to the membranes of cells responsible for bone formation (osteoblasts). It has been proposed that alkaline phosphatase functions by locally catalysing the hydrolysis of pyrophosphate ions, which are known inhibitors of hydroxyapatite formation thus enabling bone formation. It is possible, therefore, that the degradation of calcium pyrophosphate ceramics could be coordinated with bone formation. In the few studies that have been published on the use of this material as a bone replacement, the grafts were formed by pressing and sintering beta-dicalcium pyrophosphate powders. This approach imposes limits on implant morphology and can be associated with significant material shrinkage. In this paper, the fabrication of calcium pyrophosphate ceramics by heating brushite based cement materials has been investigated. The results obtained in the study showed that complete conversion from brushite to c-calcium pyrophosphate occurred at 400 degrees C. Increasing sintering temperature from 400 to 1000 degrees C resulted in an increase in compressive strength from 6.9 to 10.2 MPa and allowed the conversion of the gamma-calcium pyrophosphate to the beta form. The sintering process was associated with a considerable reduction in specific surface area which may limit the rate of resorption of the sintered material.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Subjects:	T Technology > TP Chemical technology
Divisions:	Faculty of Science > Engineering
Journal or Publication Title:	Adavances in Applied Ceramics
Publisher:	Maney Publishing
ISSN:	1743-6753
Date:	May 2010
Volume:	Vol.109
Number:	No.5
Number of Pages:	5
Page Range:	pp. 291-295
Identification Number:	10.1179/174367609X459586
Status:	Peer Reviewed
Publication Status:	Published
Access rights to Published version:	Restricted or Subscription Access
URI:	http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/id/eprint/5628

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