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Metagenomic analysis of a southern maritime Antarctic soil
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Pearce, David A., Newsham, Kevin K., Thorne, Michael A. S., Calvo-Bado, Leo A., Krsek, Martin, Laskaris, Paris, Hodson, Andrew J. and Wellington, E. M. H. (2012) Metagenomic analysis of a southern maritime Antarctic soil. Frontiers in Microbiology, Volume 3 . Article number 403. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2012.00403 ISSN 1664-302X.
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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2012.00403
Abstract
Our current understanding of Antarctic soils is derived from direct culture on selective media, biodiversity studies based on clone library construction and analysis, quantitative PCR amplification of specific gene sequences and the application of generic microarrays for microbial community analysis. Here, we investigated the biodiversity and functional potential of a soil community at Mars Oasis on Alexander Island in the southern Maritime Antarctic, by applying 454 pyrosequencing technology to a metagenomic library constructed from soil genomic DNA. The results suggest that the commonly cited range of phylotypes used in clone library construction and analysis of 78–730 OTUs (de-replicated to 30–140) provides low coverage of the major groups present (∼5%). The vast majority of functional genes (>77%) were for structure, carbohydrate metabolism, and DNA/RNA processing and modification. This study suggests that prokaryotic diversity in Antarctic terrestrial environments appears to be limited at the generic level, with Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria being common. Cyanobacteria were surprisingly under-represented at 3.4% of sequences, although ∼1% of the genes identified were involved in CO2 fixation. At the sequence level there appeared to be much greater heterogeneity, and this might be due to high divergence within the relatively restricted lineages which have successfully colonized Antarctic terrestrial environments.
Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||
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Subjects: | Q Science > QH Natural history > QH301 Biology Q Science > QK Botany Q Science > QR Microbiology |
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Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Life Sciences (2010- ) | ||||
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Antarctica -- Surveys, Soils -- Analysis , Hydrographic surveying -- Antarctica, Plant genomes -- Antarctica | ||||
Journal or Publication Title: | Frontiers in Microbiology | ||||
Publisher: | Frontiers Research Foundation | ||||
ISSN: | 1664-302X | ||||
Official Date: | 2012 | ||||
Dates: |
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Volume: | Volume 3 | ||||
Page Range: | Article number 403 | ||||
DOI: | 10.3389/fmicb.2012.00403 | ||||
Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||
Publication Status: | Published | ||||
Access rights to Published version: | Open Access (Creative Commons) | ||||
Date of first compliant deposit: | 25 December 2015 | ||||
Date of first compliant Open Access: | 25 December 2015 | ||||
Funder: | Natural Environment Research Council (Great Britain) (NERC) |
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