Thanwisai, Aunchalee, Tandhavanant, Sarunporn, Saiprom, Natnaree, Waterfield, Nicholas R., Ke Long, Phan, Bode, Helge B., Peacock, Sharon J. and Chantratita, Narisara (2012) Diversity of Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus spp. and their symbiotic entomopathogenic nematodes from Thailand. PLoS One, Volume 7 (Number 9). Article number e43835. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0043835

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Abstract

Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus spp. are bacterial symbionts of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs). In this study, we isolated and characterized Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus spp. from across Thailand together with their associated nematode symbionts, and characterized their phylogenetic diversity. EPNs were isolated from soil samples using a Galleria-baiting technique. Bacteria from EPNs were cultured and genotyped based on recA sequence. The nematodes were identified based on sequences of 28S rDNA and internal transcribed spacer regions. A total of 795 soil samples were collected from 159 sites in 13 provinces across Thailand. A total of 126 EPNs isolated from samples taken from 10 provinces were positive for Xenorhabdus (n = 69) or Photorhabdus spp. (n = 57). Phylogenetic analysis separated the 69 Xenorhabdus isolates into 4 groups. Groups 1, 2 and 3 consisting of 52, 13 and 1 isolates related to X. stockiae, and group 4 consisting of 3 isolates related to X. miraniensis. The EPN host for isolates related to X. stockiae was S. websteri, and for X. miraniensis was S. khoisanae. The Photorhabdus species were identified as P. luminescens (n = 56) and P. asymbiotica (n = 1). Phylogenenic analysis divided P. luminescens into five groups. Groups 1 and 2 consisted of 45 and 8 isolates defined as subspecies hainanensis and akhurstii, respectively. One isolate was related to hainanensis and akhurstii, two isolates were related to laumondii, and one isolate was the pathogenic species P. asymbiotica subsp. australis. H. indica was the major EPN host for Photorhabdus. This study reveals the genetic diversity of Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus spp. and describes new associations between EPNs and their bacterial symbionts in Thailand.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Subjects:	Q Science > QR Microbiology
Divisions:	Faculty of Medicine > Warwick Medical School > Biomedical Sciences > Microbiology & Infection Faculty of Medicine > Warwick Medical School
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH):	Insect nematodes, Insects -- Pathogens, Phylogeny, Bacterial genetics
Journal or Publication Title:	PLoS One
Publisher:	Public Library of Science
ISSN:	1932-6203
Official Date:	2012
Dates:	Date Event 2012 Published
Volume:	Volume 7
Number:	Number 9
Page Range:	Article number e43835
DOI:	10.1371/journal.pone.0043835
Status:	Peer Reviewed
Publication Status:	Published
Access rights to Published version:	Open Access
Funder:	Seventh Framework Programme (European Commission) (FP7), Thailand. Krasūang Sưksāthikān [Ministry of Education], Wellcome Trust (London, England), National Institute for Health Research (Great Britain) (NIHR)
Grant number:	HEALTH-F3-2009-223328-GAMEXP (FP7) ; 087769/Z/08/Z (WT)

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