T2K Collaboration (Including: Barker, Gary John, Boyd, Steve B., Briggs, Keith, Carver, Antony, Hadley, David R., Harrison, P. F., Lister, Callum, Litchfield, Reuban P., Morgan, B. (Ben), Richards, Derrick, Scully, Daniel, Taylor, Ian and Whitehead, Leigh). (2013) The electromagnetic calorimeter for the T2K near detector ND280. Journal of Instrumentation, Volume 8 (Number 10). Article number P10019. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.211803 ISSN 1748-0221.

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Abstract

The T2K experiment studies oscillations of an off-axis muon neutrino beam between the J-PARC accelerator complex and the Super-Kamiokande detector. Special emphasis is placed on measuring the mixing angle θ13 by observing νe appearance via the sub-dominant νμ → νe oscillation and searching for CP violation in the lepton sector. The experiment includes a sophisticated, off-axis, near detector, the ND280, situated 280 m downstream of the neutrino production target in order to measure the properties of the neutrino beam and to understand better neutrino interactions at the energy scale below a few GeV. The data collected with the ND280 are used to study charged- and neutral-current neutrino interaction rates and kinematics prior to oscillation, in order to reduce uncertainties in the oscillation measurements by the far detector. A key element of the near detector is the ND280 electromagnetic calorimeter (ECal), consisting of active scintillator bars sandwiched between lead sheets and read out with multi-pixel photon counters (MPPCs). The ECal is vital to the reconstruction of neutral particles, and the identification of charged particle species. The ECal surrounds the Pi-0 detector (PØD) and the tracking region of the ND280, and is enclosed in the former UA1/NOMAD dipole magnet. This paper describes the design, construction and assembly of the ECal, as well as the materials from which it is composed. The electronic and data acquisition (DAQ) systems are discussed, and performance of the ECal modules, as deduced from measurements with particle beams, cosmic rays, the calibration system, and T2K data, is described.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Subjects:	Q Science > QC Physics
Divisions:	Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Physics
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH):	Calorimeters , Scintillators , Optical fibers, Electromagnetism
Journal or Publication Title:	Journal of Instrumentation
Publisher:	IOP Publishing Ltd
ISSN:	1748-0221
Official Date:	October 2013
Dates:	Date Event October 2013 Published
Volume:	Volume 8
Number:	Number 10
Page Range:	Article number P10019
DOI:	10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.211803
Status:	Peer Reviewed
Publication Status:	Published
Access rights to Published version:	Open Access (Creative Commons)
Date of first compliant deposit:	26 December 2015
Date of first compliant Open Access:	26 December 2015
Funder:	Japan. Monbushō, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council Canada (NSERC), National Research Council of Canada (NRC), Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI), France. Commissariat à l'énergie atomique (CEA), Centre national de la recherche scientifique (France) (CNRS), Institut national de physique nucléaire et de physique des particules (IN2P3), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Istituto nazionale di fisica nucleare (INFN), Poland. Ministerstwo Nauki i Szkolnictwa Wyższego [Ministry of Science and Higher Education] (MNiSW), Rossiĭskai︠a︡ akademii︠a︡ nauk [Russian Academy of Sciences] (RAN), Russia (Federation). Ministerstvo obrazovanii︠a︡ i nauki [Ministry of Education and Science], Korea (South). Kyoyuk Kwahak Kisulbu [Ministry of Education, Science and Technology] (MEST), National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF), Spain. Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MCINN), Spanish National Centre of Particle, Astroparticle and Nuclear Physics (CPAN), Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung [Swiss National Science Foundation] (SNSF), Switzerland. State Secretariat for Education and Research (SER), Science and Technology Facilities Council (Great Britain) (STFC), United States. Dept. of Energy, Seventh Framework Programme (European Commission) (FP7), European Union (EU), Nihon Gakujutsu Shinkōkai [Japan Society for the Promotion of Science] (JSPS), Royal Society (Great Britain), National Science Foundation (U.S.) (NSF), Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, TRIUMF, Rossiĭskiĭ fond fundamentalʹnykh issledovaniĭ [Russian Foundation for Basic Research] (RFBR), European Research Council (ERC)

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