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Oxford NOTECHS II : a modified theatre team non-technical skills scoring system
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Robertson, Eleanor R., Hadi, Mohammed, Morgan, Lauren J., Pickering, Sharon, Collins, Gary S., New, Steve, Griffin, Damian R., McCulloch, Peter and Catchpole, Ken C. (2014) Oxford NOTECHS II : a modified theatre team non-technical skills scoring system. PLoS One, Volume 9 (Number 3). Article number e90320. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0090320 ISSN 1932-6203.
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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0090320
Abstract
We have developed a N6-dimethylallyladenine (cytokinin) dehydrogenase-based microbiosensor for real-time determination of the family of hormones known as cytokinins. Cytokinin dehydrogenase from Zea mays (ZmCKX1) was immobilised concurrently with electrodeposition of a silica gel film on the surface of a Pt microelectrode, which was further functionalized by free electron mediator 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol (DCPIP) in supporting electrolyte to give a bioactive film capable of selective oxidative cleavage of the N6- side chain of cytokinins. The rapid electron shuffling between freely diffusible DCPIP and the FAD redox group in ZmCKX1 endowed the microbiosensor with a fast response time of less than 10 s. The immobilised ZmCKX1 retained a high affinity for its preferred substrate N6-(Δ2-isopentenyl) adenine (iP), and gave the miniaturized biosensor a large linear dynamic range from 10 nM to 10 µM, a detection limit of 3.9 nM and a high sensitivity to iP of 603.3 µAmM−1cm−2 (n = 4, R2 = 0.9999). Excellent selectivity was displayed for several other aliphatic cytokinins and their ribosides, including N6-(Δ2-isopentenyl) adenine, N6-(Δ2-isopentenyl) adenosine, cis-zeatin, trans-zeatin and trans-zeatin riboside. Aromatic cytokinins and metabolites such as cytokinin glucosides were generally poor substrates. The microbiosensors exhibited excellent stability in terms of pH and long-term storage and have been used successfully to determine low nanomolar cytokinin concentrations in tomato xylem sap exudates.
| Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Subjects: | R Medicine > RD Surgery | ||||
| Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School > Health Sciences Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School |
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| Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Operating room personnel, Core competencies, Surgery -- Practice, Surgical errors -- Prevention | ||||
| Journal or Publication Title: | PLoS One | ||||
| Publisher: | Public Library of Science | ||||
| ISSN: | 1932-6203 | ||||
| Official Date: | March 2014 | ||||
| Dates: |
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| Volume: | Volume 9 | ||||
| Number: | Number 3 | ||||
| Article Number: | Article number e90320 | ||||
| DOI: | 10.1371/journal.pone.0090320 | ||||
| Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||
| Publication Status: | Published | ||||
| Access rights to Published version: | Open Access (Creative Commons) | ||||
| Date of first compliant deposit: | 26 December 2015 | ||||
| Date of first compliant Open Access: | 26 December 2015 | ||||
| Funder: | National Institute for Health Research (Great Britain) (NIHR) | ||||
| Grant number: | RP-PG-0108-10020 (NIHR) |
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