Kandala, Ngianga-Bakwin and Stranges, Saverio (2014) Geographic variation of overweight and obesity among women in Nigeria : a case for nutritional transition in sub-saharan Africa. PLoS One, Volume 9 (Number 6). Article number e101103. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0101103 ISSN 1932-6203.
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Abstract
Background: Nutritional research in sub-Saharan Africa has primarily focused on under-nutrition. However, there is evidence of an ongoing nutritional transition in these settings. This study aimed to examine the geographic variation of overweight and obesity prevalence at the state-level among women in Nigeria, while accounting for individual-level risk factors.
Methods: The analysis was based on the 2008 Nigerian Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS), including 27,967 women aged 15–49 years. Individual data were collected on socio-demographics, but were aggregated to the country's states. We used a Bayesian geo-additive mixed model to map the geographic distribution of overweight and obesity at the state-level, accounting for individual-level risk factors.
Results: The overall prevalence of combined overweight and obesity (body mass index ≥25) was 20.9%. In multivariate Bayesian geo-additive models, higher education [odds ratio (OR) & 95% Credible Region (CR): 1.68 (1.38, 2.00)], higher wealth index [3.45 (2.98, 4.05)], living in urban settings [1.24 (1.14, 1.36)] and increasing age were all significantly associated with a higher prevalence of overweight/obesity. There was also a striking variation in overweight/obesity prevalence across ethnic groups and state of residence, the highest being in Cross River State, in south-eastern Nigeria [2.32 (1.62, 3.40)], the lowest in Osun State in south-western Nigeria [0.48 (0.36, 0.61)].
Conclusions: This study suggests distinct geographic patterns in the combined prevalence of overweight and obesity among Nigerian women, as well as the role of demographic, socio-economic and environmental factors in the ongoing nutritional transition in these settings.
| Item Type: | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Subjects: | H Social Sciences > HQ The family. Marriage. Woman R Medicine > RA Public aspects of medicine R Medicine > RA Public aspects of medicine > RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine R Medicine > RC Internal medicine |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School > Health Sciences Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School |
| Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Overweight women -- Nigeria, Overweight women -- Health and hygiene -- Nigeria, Obesity in women -- Nigeria, Nutrition -- Research -- Nigeria |
| Journal or Publication Title: | PLoS One |
| Publisher: | Public Library of Science |
| ISSN: | 1932-6203 |
| Official Date: | 30 June 2014 |
| Dates: | Date Event 30 June 2014 Published 27 May 2014 Accepted 19 February 2014 Submitted |
| Volume: | Volume 9 |
| Number: | Number 6 |
| Article Number: | Article number e101103 |
| DOI: | 10.1371/journal.pone.0101103 |
| Status: | Peer Reviewed |
| Publication Status: | Published |
| Access rights to Published version: | Open Access (Creative Commons open licence) |
| Date of first compliant deposit: | 27 December 2015 |
| Date of first compliant Open Access: | 27 December 2015 |
| URI: | https://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/61920/ |
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