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Detection of Colorectal Cancer (CRC) by urinary volatile organic compound analysis

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Arasaradnam, Ramesh P., McFarlane, Michael J., Ryan-Fisher, Courtenay, Westenbrink, Eric W., Hodges, Paula, Thomas, Matthew G., Chambers, Samantha, O'Connell, Nicola, Bailey, Catherine, Harmston, Christopher, Nwokolo, Chuka U., Bardhan, Karna Dev and Covington, James A. (2014) Detection of Colorectal Cancer (CRC) by urinary volatile organic compound analysis. PLoS One, Volume 9 (Number 9). Article number e108750. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0108750

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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0108750

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Abstract

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer related death in Europe and the USA. There is no universally accepted effective non-invasive screening test for CRC. Guaiac based faecal occult blood (gFOB) testing has largely been superseded by Faecal Immunochemical testing (FIT), but sensitivity still remains poor. The uptake of population based FOBt testing in the UK is also low at around 50%. The detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) signature(s) for many cancer subtypes is receiving increasing interest using a variety of gas phase analytical instruments. One such example is FAIMS (Field Asymmetric Ion Mobility Spectrometer). FAIMS is able to identify Inflammatory Bowel disease (IBD) patients by analysing shifts in VOCs patterns in both urine and faeces. This study extends this concept to determine whether CRC patients can be identified through non-invasive analysis of urine, using FAIMS. 133 patients were recruited; 83 CRC patients and 50 healthy controls. Urine was collected at the time of CRC diagnosis and headspace analysis undertaken using a FAIMS instrument (Owlstone, Lonestar, UK). Data was processed using Fisher Discriminant Analysis (FDA) after feature extraction from the raw data. FAIMS analyses demonstrated that the VOC profiles of CRC patients were tightly clustered and could be distinguished from healthy controls. Sensitivity and specificity for CRC detection with FAIMS were 88% and 60% respectively. This study suggests that VOC signatures emanating from urine can be detected in patients with CRC using ion mobility spectroscopy technology (FAIMS) with potential as a novel screening tool.

Item Type: Journal Article
Subjects: R Medicine > RC Internal medicine > RC0254 Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology (including Cancer)
Divisions: Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Engineering > Engineering
Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School > Health Sciences
Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School > Biomedical Sciences > Translational & Experimental Medicine > Metabolic and Vascular Health (- until July 2016)
Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School > Biomedical Sciences > Translational & Experimental Medicine
Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): Colon (Anatomy) -- Cancer -- Diagnosis
Journal or Publication Title: PLoS One
Publisher: Public Library of Science
ISSN: 1932-6203
Official Date: 30 September 2014
Dates:
DateEvent
30 September 2014Published
25 August 2014Accepted
13 June 2014Submitted
Volume: Volume 9
Number: Number 9
Article Number: Article number e108750
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108750
Status: Peer Reviewed
Publication Status: Published
Access rights to Published version: Open Access
Funder: Bardhan Research and Education Trust (BRET), Warwickshire Private Hospitals Charitable Trust, Eveson Trust

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