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Curing behavior and thermal properties of TGDDM copolymerized with a new pyridine-containing diamine and with DDM or DDS
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Mustafa, Muhammad F., Cook, Wayne D., Schiller, Tara L. and Siddiqi, Humaira M. (2014) Curing behavior and thermal properties of TGDDM copolymerized with a new pyridine-containing diamine and with DDM or DDS. Thermochimica Acta, Volume 575 . pp. 21-28. doi:10.1016/j.tca.2013.09.018 ISSN 0040-6031.
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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2013.09.018
Abstract
A new pyridine-containing diamine, 4,4′-(pyridine-2,6-diylbis(oxy)) dianiline (PDD) was used as curing agent for a tetra-epoxy resin, N,N,N′,N′-tetraglycidyl-4,4′-diaminodiphenylmethane (TGDDM). The chemical reactivity of the diamine was evaluated using Friedman's method, and compared with traditional diamine curing agents, 4,4′-diaminodiphenylmethane (DDM) and diaminodiphenylsulphone (DDS). PDD was found to be more reactive with the epoxy groups of TGDDM than DDS but less reactive than DDM. The dynamic mechanical thermal analysis showed all materials had Tgs above 250 °C and thermosets formed from TGDDM with blends of PDD with either DDM or DDS had Tgs which increased linearly with composition. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of TGDDM/PDD under argon atmosphere gave a distinctive two-stage decomposition curve compared with the approximately single step observed when TGDDM was cured by the traditional amines. When carried out under air atmosphere, the TGA mass loss occurred in multiple stages and the rate of degradation for the PDD-cured TGDDM was slower than that for DDM- and DDS-cured epoxy resin. This suggests PDD enhances the flame retardancy of the cured thermosets when compared to the more traditional diamine curing systems.
Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||||||
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Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Engineering > WMG (Formerly the Warwick Manufacturing Group) | ||||||||||
Journal or Publication Title: | Thermochimica Acta | ||||||||||
Publisher: | Elsevier | ||||||||||
ISSN: | 0040-6031 | ||||||||||
Official Date: | 10 January 2014 | ||||||||||
Dates: |
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Volume: | Volume 575 | ||||||||||
Page Range: | pp. 21-28 | ||||||||||
DOI: | 10.1016/j.tca.2013.09.018 | ||||||||||
Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||||||||
Publication Status: | Published | ||||||||||
Access rights to Published version: | Restricted or Subscription Access |
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